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虽然人类学从来没有在共享一个范式的意义上被真正整合起来过,但把人类学范式归为各种不同的已验证的理论和各种待验证的假说,以及基于田野工作基础之上的民族志是有意义的。本文选择以礼物馈赠为切入点,围绕阎云翔对中国北方一个村庄中的礼物交换体系和人际关系模式所做的民族志报告,对比不同民族关于礼物交换形式,以及礼物交换在社会关系的生产和再生产中的作用,论述中国礼物馈赠形式所具有的特殊性和它在人类学礼物研究中涉及的普遍性问题。
Although anthropology has never been truly integrated in the sense of sharing a paradigm, it divides the paradigm of anthropology into various validated theories and various hypotheses to be verified, as well as the ethnicity based on fieldwork Chi is meaningful. This article chooses gift giving as a breakthrough point, focusing on Yan Yunxiang’s ethnographic report on the gift exchange system and interpersonal relationship patterns in a village in north China, comparing the different ethnic groups about the form of gift exchange and the gift exchange in the production and reproduction of social relations And discusses the particularity of the form of gift giving in China and the universal problems it involves in the study of gift of anthropology.