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体外微核试验以观察分裂细胞中微核的形成来检测化合物遗传毒性,试验周期较体内微核试验短、成本低且符合“减少、替代、优化”原则。与染色体畸变试验比较,体外微核试验还能检测非整倍体诱变剂,且检测终点简单,易于自动化检测。基于流式细胞仪的微核自动化检测技术与传统镜检技术相比,具有显著优势,可以快速、准确、高通量检测化合物的遗传毒性,且贴壁细胞和悬浮培养细胞均适用。本文阐述了流式细胞仪检测体外微核技术的发展,方法学验证,客观、高效、检测信息量大的优势,尚存不足之处及改进,望为其在体外微核试验中的广泛应用提供参考依据。
In vitro micronucleus test to observe the formation of micronuclei in dividing cells to test compound genotoxicity, the test cycle is shorter than the in vivo micronucleus test, low cost and in line with the “reduction, substitution, optimization ” principle. Compared with the chromosome aberration test, in vitro micronucleus test can detect aneuploid mutagens, and the test endpoint is simple and easy to automate the test. Compared with traditional microscopy, flow cytometry-based micronucleus test has the advantage of being able to detect the genotoxicity of compounds rapidly, accurately and with high throughput. Both adherent cells and suspension cultured cells are suitable. In this paper, the development of in vitro micronucleus detection by flow cytometry is described. The advantages of methodological verification, objective and efficient detection of large amount of information, the shortcomings and improvements are still unknown. It is expected that this method will be widely used in in vitro micronucleus test Provide a reference basis.