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稀土不仅是国家重要的战略资源,也是开采保护的矿产资源。稀土开采废水中的稀土离子对环境和生物链的潜在危害引起了越来越多的关注。微生物吸附法相比传统的水处理方法具有经济、高效、环保等优点,它是消除稀土开采废水中稀土离子对环境危害和回收废水中稀土离子最有潜力的方法之一。综述了稀土离子对环境和人体的危害、吸附稀土离子能力强的微生物、微生物吸附稀土离子的位点和活性基团、微生物吸附稀土离子的作用机制、吸附动力学方程、吸附模型研究进展,展望了微生物吸附稀土离子的发展方向。
Rare earth is not only an important national strategic resource, but also the exploitation of protected mineral resources. Rare earth ions in rare earth mining waste water have attracted more and more attention because of their potential harm to environment and biological chain. Compared with the traditional water treatment method, the microbial adsorption method has the advantages of economy, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like, and is one of the most potential methods for eliminating the rare earth ions in the rare earth mining wastewater and reusing the rare earth ions in the wastewater. The harm of rare earth ions to the environment and the human body, the adsorption of rare earth ions-capable microorganisms, the sites and active groups of microorganisms for adsorption of rare earth ions, the action mechanism of adsorption of rare earth ions by microorganisms, the adsorption kinetics equation, the research progress and prospect of adsorption models The development of microbial adsorption of rare earth ions.