论文部分内容阅读
【中图分类号】R692 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1672-3783(2013)11-0007-02
【摘要】目的:复制大鼠顺铂急性肾损伤模型,研究核转录因子Sp1及凋亡在急性肾损伤中的表达?方法:12只SD雄性大鼠被随机分为2组(每组6只),即生理盐水对照组(CN)?顺铂模型组(CP)?适应性喂养1周后,开始试验,生理盐水对照组给予生理盐水1ml/200g 单次腹腔注射(i.p.),顺铂模型组给予顺铂6mg/kg 单次i.p.?采用免疫组化染色检测肾组织Sp1蛋白表达;采用TUNEL染色检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡?结果:顺铂可成功复制大鼠急性肾损伤模型,与生理盐水对照组相比,顺铂模型组大鼠肾小管上皮细胞凋亡百分比明显增加(P<0.01);肾组织Sp1蛋白的表达上调?结论:核转录因子Sp1,凋亡表达水平与急性肾损伤直接相关?
【关键词】顺铂;急性肾损伤;凋亡;核转录因子Sp1
Expression Of Sp1 And Apoptosis In Acute Renal Injury Induced By Cisplatin
Li Ying
(Department of Nephrology,Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College,Sichuan,646000)
【Abstract】Objectives: To evaluate the expression of transcription factor Sp1 and cell apoptosis in kidney damage rats induced by cisplatin.Methods: Twelve male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups(6 rats in each group ), namely normol control(CN), cisplatin(CP). CN group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with saline 1ml/200g, CP group received single dose of cisplatin 6mg/kg i.p.. Collection the 24 h urine of rats before injection cisplatin 24 h and 24h after injection,measurement of urinary N-Acetyl-β-D- glucosaminidase(NAG), after injection cisplatin 48 h, pick eye to collection blood measurement of serum creatinine(Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The renal injury was also assessed by hematoxylin and eosin and TdT-mediated deoxyuridine nick end-labelling staining. Expression of Sp1 protein in renal tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Records: Cisplatin caused an increase kidney index,BUN and serum creatinine levels, urinary NAG(P<0.01); significant increase of Tubular injury and renal tubular cell apoptosis.( P<0.01);the expression of Sp1 was increased.Conclusions: Sp1 and apoptosis play an important role in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
【Key words】 cisplatin; nephrotoxicity; AKI; apoptosis; Sp1
順铂(cisplatin,CP)是治疗实体肿瘤最有效和最常用的药物之一,统计数据表明临床使用顺铂一药的肾毒性发生率为 25%~35%[1],因此如何预防顺铂的毒副作用成为目前研究焦点?现有研究证明,急性肾损伤与顺铂所致的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡有关[2]?核转录因子Sp1 是锌指蛋白家族(zinc finger protein family)中一种重要的核转录因子,研究表明,它不仅参与许多基因的基础表达,而且与细胞的增殖?分化以及炎症修复过程等密切相关[3],但Sp1在顺铂肾毒性中的作用未见文献报告?因此本研究通过建立顺铂急性肾损伤动物模型,研究核转录因子Sp1及凋亡在其中的表达,为预防顺铂急性肾损伤寻找相关可能途径?
一? 材料与方法
1 动物模型的建立与分组 12只健康雄性SD((Sprague-Dawle)大鼠,2月龄,平均体重250g?适应性喂养1周后,按体重随机分组,将12只大鼠分为生理盐水对照组(CN)?顺铂模型组(CP)(每组6只)?生理盐水对照组给予生理盐水1ml/200g 单次腹腔注射(i.p.),顺铂模型组给予顺铂6mg/kg 单次i.p.?
2 主要试剂 Sp1一抗,美国Santa Cruz 公司; NAG酶检测试剂盒,上海太阳生物技术有限公司;细胞凋亡检测试剂盒,武汉博士德; 3 标本收集 所有大鼠注射顺铂前24 h和注射顺铂后24 h收集24 h尿,测尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖甘酶(NAG),注射顺铂后48 h,10%水合氯醛麻醉后摘眼球取血测血清肌酐(Scr)和血尿素氮(BUN),取右肾下极组织做病理检查?
4 病理检查 右肾下极组织采用10%福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋?切片,HE染色,光镜观察?采用图文分析系统拍照,观察肾脏组织病理学改变并根据Capasso等[4]人采用的标准进行评分:肾小管损伤评分:0=没有肾小管损伤;1=肾小管损伤范围<25% ;2=肾小管损伤范围25% - 50%;3=肾小管损伤范围51% -75%?4=肾小管损伤范围>75%?每张病理切片随机选择10个视野评分,取平均值?
5 免疫组化 采用专业图像分析软件Image-Pro Plus 6.0(ipp6.0)进行免疫组化分析?
6 TUNEL检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡 细胞核中有棕黄色颗粒者为阳性细胞,即凋亡的细胞?每张病理切片随机选择10个视野,共计数100个细胞,计算凋亡细胞百分数,取平均值?
7 统计方法 采用SPSS13.0统计软件包进行资料分析,实验结果用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,资料采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA),多个样本之间的两两比较采用LSD检验,P<0.05认为有统计学意义?
二?结 果
1 各组大鼠血尿生化指标 CP组大鼠与CN组比较,BUN?SCr及注射后24 h尿NAG酶明显升高(P<0.01);见表1?
2 各组大鼠肾脏损伤半定量评分 CP组与CN组比较,肾小管损伤分数?凋亡细胞百分数明显增加(P<0.01)?见表2
3 各组大鼠肾组织Sp1蛋白的表达 CP组与CN组比较,肾组织Sp1蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.01)?见表3
3 讨 论
顺铂进入机体后其亲核氨基可与水分子作用生成大量羟自由基和活性氧自由基,引起膜脂质过氧化,导致细胞生物膜通透性增加?流动性下降?膜蛋白功能异常等变化,影响和破坏生物膜正常的生理功能[4],同时产生多种有毒降解产物,并通过上调死亡受体及配体诱导的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡[5]导致急性肾损伤?本实验中顺铂组大鼠肾脏病理损害严重,肾小管上皮细胞刷状缘丢失,细胞的广泛空泡变性,局灶坏死?脱落,肾小管上皮细胞凋亡明显增多?本实验进一步确认了顺铂可引起肾小管上皮细胞凋亡导致急性肾损伤?Sp1转录因子是一种参与真核细胞转录的高度相关锌指蛋白,以细胞和启动子特异性方式通过调控富含GC 启动子的基因表达,参与调节细胞功能如细胞增生?凋亡?分化和肿瘤形成?Milanini 等[6]发现机体自由基增多可导致Sp1 过度表达?本实验发现顺铂组大鼠肾组织Sp1蛋白表达明显上调,提示顺铂可能通过上调Sp1蛋白的表达导致肾脏损害?因此,可以下调Sp1蛋白的表达及减少凋亡的药物可能对预防急性肾损伤有一定作用?
参考文献
[1] Ramesh G, ReevesWB. Salicylate reduces cisplatin nephrotoxicity by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor.Kidney International[J]. 2004, 65 (2) :490-498.
[2] Pan H, Mukhopadhyay P, et al. Cannabidiol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by decreasing oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell death[J]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 ,328(3):708-714.
[3] Ishibashi H , Nakagawa K, et al. Sp1 decoy transfected to carcinoma cells suppresses the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor ,transforming growth factor betal , and tissue factor and also cell growth and invasion activities [J ] . Cancer Res , 2000 , 60 (22) : 6531 - 6536.
[4] Ali BH, Al-Moundhri M, et al. Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by tetramethylpyrazine, a major constituent of the Chinese herb Ligusticum wallichi[J]. Exp Biol Med.2008 ,233(7):891-896.
[5] Tsuruya K, Ninomiya T, et al.Direct involvement of the recep tor - mediated apop totic pathway in cisp latin - induced renal tubular cell death. Kidney Int, 2003, 63: 72- 82.
[6] Milanini J, Vinals F, et al. p42 /p44 MAP kinase module plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene in fibroblasts[ J] . J Biol Chem, 1998, 273( 29) : 18165- 18172.
【摘要】目的:复制大鼠顺铂急性肾损伤模型,研究核转录因子Sp1及凋亡在急性肾损伤中的表达?方法:12只SD雄性大鼠被随机分为2组(每组6只),即生理盐水对照组(CN)?顺铂模型组(CP)?适应性喂养1周后,开始试验,生理盐水对照组给予生理盐水1ml/200g 单次腹腔注射(i.p.),顺铂模型组给予顺铂6mg/kg 单次i.p.?采用免疫组化染色检测肾组织Sp1蛋白表达;采用TUNEL染色检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡?结果:顺铂可成功复制大鼠急性肾损伤模型,与生理盐水对照组相比,顺铂模型组大鼠肾小管上皮细胞凋亡百分比明显增加(P<0.01);肾组织Sp1蛋白的表达上调?结论:核转录因子Sp1,凋亡表达水平与急性肾损伤直接相关?
【关键词】顺铂;急性肾损伤;凋亡;核转录因子Sp1
Expression Of Sp1 And Apoptosis In Acute Renal Injury Induced By Cisplatin
Li Ying
(Department of Nephrology,Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College,Sichuan,646000)
【Abstract】Objectives: To evaluate the expression of transcription factor Sp1 and cell apoptosis in kidney damage rats induced by cisplatin.Methods: Twelve male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups(6 rats in each group ), namely normol control(CN), cisplatin(CP). CN group was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with saline 1ml/200g, CP group received single dose of cisplatin 6mg/kg i.p.. Collection the 24 h urine of rats before injection cisplatin 24 h and 24h after injection,measurement of urinary N-Acetyl-β-D- glucosaminidase(NAG), after injection cisplatin 48 h, pick eye to collection blood measurement of serum creatinine(Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The renal injury was also assessed by hematoxylin and eosin and TdT-mediated deoxyuridine nick end-labelling staining. Expression of Sp1 protein in renal tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Records: Cisplatin caused an increase kidney index,BUN and serum creatinine levels, urinary NAG(P<0.01); significant increase of Tubular injury and renal tubular cell apoptosis.( P<0.01);the expression of Sp1 was increased.Conclusions: Sp1 and apoptosis play an important role in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
【Key words】 cisplatin; nephrotoxicity; AKI; apoptosis; Sp1
順铂(cisplatin,CP)是治疗实体肿瘤最有效和最常用的药物之一,统计数据表明临床使用顺铂一药的肾毒性发生率为 25%~35%[1],因此如何预防顺铂的毒副作用成为目前研究焦点?现有研究证明,急性肾损伤与顺铂所致的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡有关[2]?核转录因子Sp1 是锌指蛋白家族(zinc finger protein family)中一种重要的核转录因子,研究表明,它不仅参与许多基因的基础表达,而且与细胞的增殖?分化以及炎症修复过程等密切相关[3],但Sp1在顺铂肾毒性中的作用未见文献报告?因此本研究通过建立顺铂急性肾损伤动物模型,研究核转录因子Sp1及凋亡在其中的表达,为预防顺铂急性肾损伤寻找相关可能途径?
一? 材料与方法
1 动物模型的建立与分组 12只健康雄性SD((Sprague-Dawle)大鼠,2月龄,平均体重250g?适应性喂养1周后,按体重随机分组,将12只大鼠分为生理盐水对照组(CN)?顺铂模型组(CP)(每组6只)?生理盐水对照组给予生理盐水1ml/200g 单次腹腔注射(i.p.),顺铂模型组给予顺铂6mg/kg 单次i.p.?
2 主要试剂 Sp1一抗,美国Santa Cruz 公司; NAG酶检测试剂盒,上海太阳生物技术有限公司;细胞凋亡检测试剂盒,武汉博士德; 3 标本收集 所有大鼠注射顺铂前24 h和注射顺铂后24 h收集24 h尿,测尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖甘酶(NAG),注射顺铂后48 h,10%水合氯醛麻醉后摘眼球取血测血清肌酐(Scr)和血尿素氮(BUN),取右肾下极组织做病理检查?
4 病理检查 右肾下极组织采用10%福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋?切片,HE染色,光镜观察?采用图文分析系统拍照,观察肾脏组织病理学改变并根据Capasso等[4]人采用的标准进行评分:肾小管损伤评分:0=没有肾小管损伤;1=肾小管损伤范围<25% ;2=肾小管损伤范围25% - 50%;3=肾小管损伤范围51% -75%?4=肾小管损伤范围>75%?每张病理切片随机选择10个视野评分,取平均值?
5 免疫组化 采用专业图像分析软件Image-Pro Plus 6.0(ipp6.0)进行免疫组化分析?
6 TUNEL检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡 细胞核中有棕黄色颗粒者为阳性细胞,即凋亡的细胞?每张病理切片随机选择10个视野,共计数100个细胞,计算凋亡细胞百分数,取平均值?
7 统计方法 采用SPSS13.0统计软件包进行资料分析,实验结果用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,资料采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA),多个样本之间的两两比较采用LSD检验,P<0.05认为有统计学意义?
二?结 果
1 各组大鼠血尿生化指标 CP组大鼠与CN组比较,BUN?SCr及注射后24 h尿NAG酶明显升高(P<0.01);见表1?
2 各组大鼠肾脏损伤半定量评分 CP组与CN组比较,肾小管损伤分数?凋亡细胞百分数明显增加(P<0.01)?见表2
3 各组大鼠肾组织Sp1蛋白的表达 CP组与CN组比较,肾组织Sp1蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.01)?见表3
3 讨 论
顺铂进入机体后其亲核氨基可与水分子作用生成大量羟自由基和活性氧自由基,引起膜脂质过氧化,导致细胞生物膜通透性增加?流动性下降?膜蛋白功能异常等变化,影响和破坏生物膜正常的生理功能[4],同时产生多种有毒降解产物,并通过上调死亡受体及配体诱导的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡[5]导致急性肾损伤?本实验中顺铂组大鼠肾脏病理损害严重,肾小管上皮细胞刷状缘丢失,细胞的广泛空泡变性,局灶坏死?脱落,肾小管上皮细胞凋亡明显增多?本实验进一步确认了顺铂可引起肾小管上皮细胞凋亡导致急性肾损伤?Sp1转录因子是一种参与真核细胞转录的高度相关锌指蛋白,以细胞和启动子特异性方式通过调控富含GC 启动子的基因表达,参与调节细胞功能如细胞增生?凋亡?分化和肿瘤形成?Milanini 等[6]发现机体自由基增多可导致Sp1 过度表达?本实验发现顺铂组大鼠肾组织Sp1蛋白表达明显上调,提示顺铂可能通过上调Sp1蛋白的表达导致肾脏损害?因此,可以下调Sp1蛋白的表达及减少凋亡的药物可能对预防急性肾损伤有一定作用?
参考文献
[1] Ramesh G, ReevesWB. Salicylate reduces cisplatin nephrotoxicity by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor.Kidney International[J]. 2004, 65 (2) :490-498.
[2] Pan H, Mukhopadhyay P, et al. Cannabidiol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by decreasing oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell death[J]. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 ,328(3):708-714.
[3] Ishibashi H , Nakagawa K, et al. Sp1 decoy transfected to carcinoma cells suppresses the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor ,transforming growth factor betal , and tissue factor and also cell growth and invasion activities [J ] . Cancer Res , 2000 , 60 (22) : 6531 - 6536.
[4] Ali BH, Al-Moundhri M, et al. Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by tetramethylpyrazine, a major constituent of the Chinese herb Ligusticum wallichi[J]. Exp Biol Med.2008 ,233(7):891-896.
[5] Tsuruya K, Ninomiya T, et al.Direct involvement of the recep tor - mediated apop totic pathway in cisp latin - induced renal tubular cell death. Kidney Int, 2003, 63: 72- 82.
[6] Milanini J, Vinals F, et al. p42 /p44 MAP kinase module plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene in fibroblasts[ J] . J Biol Chem, 1998, 273( 29) : 18165- 18172.