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票价策略是城市轨道交通经营定位决策的重要组成部分,是吸引客流和取得适当客流市场份额的关键因素,对城市轨道交通的经营状况和竞争能力起到决定性的作用.将城市轨道交通票价策略划分为票制方案和票价水平两部分,票制方案包括单一票制、计程票制和计站票制等.提出了基于客流弹性需求下运营企业的列车开行决策,对各种票制下的票价策略优化进行了全面考虑,建立了以包含客流需求和运营效益在内的社会利益最大化为目标函数的轨道交通线路票价策略模型.根据模型特点,设计了模拟退火算法求解.以长沙地铁2号线为例,计算得出了各种票制下的最优票价策略和实用票价策略.对票价策略进行了综合分析,给出了长沙地铁2号线的票价建议方案.
Fare strategy is an important part of urban rail transit operation positioning decision-making, is to attract passenger flow and access to appropriate passenger flow market share of the key factors in the operation of the urban rail transit status and competitiveness play a decisive role in. The urban rail transit fare The strategy is divided into the ticket system and the fare level. The ticket system consists of a single ticket system, a system of airline ticket system and a system of counting stations, etc. The decision of opening a business of a train company based on the demand of passenger flow flexibility is proposed. The optimization of fare strategy is considered in full consideration and a fare tactics model of rail transit line is set up with the objective function of maximizing the social benefits including passenger demand and operational efficiency.According to the characteristics of the model, a simulated annealing algorithm Taking Changsha Metro Line 2 as an example, the optimal fare strategy and practical fare strategy under various ticket systems are calculated, the fare strategy is analyzed comprehensively, and the votes of Changsha Metro Line 2 are given Price proposal.