中国戏曲具有广泛的群众性,因为一个民族的民族精神的最深根源,就在群众之中。最广泛的群众性,也就体现着最大的民族性。中国戏曲就其本源和生存环境而言,是一种民间艺术。远至宋元南戏、杂剧,近至现代京剧、地方戏,它们都是在民间生长、繁衍、发展起来的,并且长期在民间活动。从宋元以来各个时期的戏曲舞台,至今还存在于我国南北广大地区的城镇、乡村甚至僻远的深山、边鄙,在人烟稠密地段临时“打野呵”的流动演出还 Chinese opera has a wide mass of people, because the deepest roots of the national spirit of a nation lies among the masses. The broadest mass of people, it also reflects the greatest nationality. As far as its origin and living environment are concerned, Chinese opera is a kind of folk art. As far as the Song and Yuan South Opera, Zaju, near to modern Beijing Opera, local opera, they are all in the folk growth, reproduction, development, and long-term civil activities. Since the Song and Yuan dynasties, the stage of opera in various periods has still existed in the towns and villages in vast areas of north and south of China and even the distant mountains. On the other hand,