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人类文明离不开水,目前,地球上可供人类使用的主要是淡水资源,它占地球水资源总量的2.5%,其中实际能被利用的淡水非常有限,不足1%。随着工业化发展,人类对水资源过度使用,水资源污染、水资源匮乏已经成为摆在全人类面前的严峻问题。世界上许多国家分别采取了各具本国特色的开发、利用和保护水资源的措施,并取得了卓越的成效。本刊现将这些国家的经验介绍如下。
Human civilization can not do without water. At present, the main human-usable water on Earth is freshwater resources, which account for 2.5% of the total earth water resources. The actual fresh water that can be utilized is very limited, less than 1%. With the development of industrialization, mankind’s excessive use of water resources, water pollution and water scarcity have become serious problems facing all mankind. Many countries in the world have taken measures with their respective national characteristics to develop, utilize and protect water resources respectively and have achieved remarkable results. This issue shows the experience of these countries are as follows.