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目的:分析重症监护病房(ICU)重症患者的致病微生物分布特点及其耐药性。方法:选取2014年1月—2015年1月间ICU收治的重症感染患者163例,采集病原学标本行细菌学检测,鉴定菌种并以K-B法做药敏试验,分析其结果。结果:163例患者中分离出87株致病菌,其中50株(57.47%)革兰阴性菌,27株(31.03%)革兰阳性菌和10株(11.49%)真菌;药敏结果多存在多重耐药,亚胺培南对革兰阴性菌敏感性较高,万古霉素及利奈唑胺对革兰阳性菌高度敏感。结论:ICU重症感染患者的致病微生物主要为革兰阴性杆菌,治疗应根据细菌鉴定、药敏试验结果合理选择用药,并积极抗真菌感染治疗,促进患者临床预后的康复。
Objective: To analyze the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and their drug resistance in critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: 163 cases of severe infection admitted to ICU between January 2014 and January 2015 were enrolled. Bacteriological specimens were collected for bacteriological examination, bacterial strains were identified and drug susceptibility tests were performed by K-B method. The results were analyzed. Results: 87 pathogens isolated from 163 patients, of which 50 (57.47%) Gram-negative bacteria, 27 (31.03%) Gram-positive bacteria and 10 (11.49%) fungi; Multi-drug resistance, imipenem is more sensitive to gram-negative bacteria, vancomycin and linezolid are highly sensitive to Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: The pathogenic microorganisms of patients with severe ICU infection are mainly Gram-negative bacilli. The treatment should be based on the identification of bacteria and the drug susceptibility test results, and should be treated with active antifungal therapy to promote the clinical prognosis.