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“北朝”一般是指自439年鲜卑拓跋氏统一北方后,中经东、西魏分裂,北齐、北周对峙,至589年隋灭陈和后梁统一全国这段历史时期。从文学史上看,与南朝持续兴旺的局面相比,北朝文学未免岑寂,其诗歌发展也是如此。本文所论北朝诗歌主要指北朝本土文人的创作,在动荡现实环境与文人复杂心态等多重因素影响下,本朝本土文人诗具有浓烈的生命意识,充满了对生的眷恋忧虑与对死的体悟恐惧。
“Northern Dynasties” generally refers to the historical period after the unification of the north by Tu Xian in Xianbei in 439, the confluence of the Eastern and Western Wei in the Eastern and Western Wei dynasties, the confrontation between the Northern Qi and the Northern Zhou dynasties in 589, and the reunification of Chen and Beiliang in 589. From the perspective of literary history, compared with the continued prosperity of the Southern Dynasties, the literature of Northern Dynasties was unmoved, as was the development of its poetry. In this paper, the Northern Dynasties poetry mainly refers to the creation of the native writers in the Northern Dynasties. Influenced by the multiple factors such as the turbulent reality environment and the complex mentality of the literati, the local literati poems in the Dynasties have a strong sense of life, full of nostalgia and comprehension of death fear.