从新—新贸易理论将研究的视角深入更微观层面,企业作为生产的最小单元不再是“同质”的,而在众多纬度都体现出差异。在多个维度的差异当中,企业生产率的差异是最重要而具有代表性的研究议题。但是众多学者的实证结果发现企业生产率与企业是否选择出口并无明显联系,这与Melitz(2003)的研究结果相悖,被称为“生产率悖论”。本文整理了企业异质性中的生产率异质性的最新研究进展,并对研究结果进行展望,最后作出简要总结。 From the new-new trade theory, the research perspective deepens into a more micro level. As the smallest unit of production, the enterprise is no longer “homogeneous”, but reflects the difference in many latitudes. Among the differences in many dimensions, the differences in enterprise productivity are the most important and representative research topics. However, the empirical results of many scholars find that there is no obvious connection between firm productivity and firm’s choice of export. This is contrary to the result of Melitz’s (2003) study, which is called “Paradox of Productivity ”. In this paper, the latest research progress on heterogeneity of firm heterogeneity is summarized, and the results of the study are prospected. Finally, a brief summary is made.