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利用虹鳟(♀)和山女鳟(♂)进行种间杂交,获得了90.00%的受精率,80.52%的发眼率,90.68%的孵化率和30.68%的鱼苗成活率。运用13个微卫星分子标记对杂交亲本与杂交子代进行了分子遗传机制的研究,结果表明:(1)在13个微卫星位点中,3个位点只在虹鳟中得到扩增产物,6个位点扩增出虹鳟和山女鳟清晰的差异条带,另外4个位点在双亲中没有扩增出显著差异条带;(2)双亲遗传分化显著,虹鳟和山女鳟存在杂交现象,虹鳟和山女鳟杂交子代的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律,属两性融合生殖,是真正意义上的杂交种。(3)杂交后代与虹鳟和山女鳟的遗传相似性系数分别为0.461 7和0.596 5,遗传距离分别为0.772 9和0.516 8,表明杂交F1与两亲本的遗传差异不是对等的,而是偏向父本一方,UPGMA系统树也同样证明了这一点。
Interspecific hybridization between rainbow trout (♀) and mountain trout (♂) gave 90.00% fertilization rate, 80.52% hairiness rate, 90.68% hatching rate and 30.68% fry survival rate. Thirteen microsatellite markers were used to study the molecular genetic mechanism of hybrid parents and hybrid progeny. The results showed that: (1) Among the 13 microsatellite loci, only three of the 13 microsatellite loci obtained amplification products in rainbow trout, 6 loci amplified clear bands of rainbow trout and hill trout, and the other 4 loci did not amplify the significant difference bands in their parents; (2) The genetic differentiation of parents was significant, and there was hybridization between rainbow trout and mountain trout Phenomenon, rainbow trout and mountain trout hybrid offspring inheritance in line with Mendel’s genetic law, genital reproduction, is a true hybrid. (3) The genetic similarity coefficients between hybrids and rainbow trout and hill trout were 0.461 7 and 0.596 5, respectively. The genetic distances were 0.772 9 and 0.516 8, respectively, indicating that the genetic differences between F1 and the parents were not equal but Biased toward the paternal side, the UPGMA system tree also proves this.