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对盒形件凸缘直边法兰区主应力进行了力学分析,研究了其成形中法兰部分的变形情况。运用DYNAFORM软件,对盒形件的成形进行了数值模拟,并用硬度计测定了盒形件法兰区的硬度。结果表明:法兰直边靠近中点的材料比靠近圆角部分的材料厚度大,说明材料塑性变形不够充分;长宽比大的盒形件成形后的零件厚度比较大,材料流动困难,不利于成形;同一高度上,圆角部分硬度明显大于相邻两直边硬度,说明圆角部分材料流动良好而加工硬化现象明显,硬度最大值在凹模圆角入口处附近。盒形件法兰变形的实验与数值模拟结果一致。
The principal stress of flange in straight flange of box flange was analyzed mechanically, and the deformation of flange part in the forming process was studied. DYNAFORM software was used to simulate the forming of box and the hardness of box flange was measured by hardness tester. The results show that the material with the straight edge of the flange close to the midpoint is thicker than the material near the fillet, which indicates that the plastic deformation of the material is not sufficient. The thickness of the box after forming the box is large and the material flow is difficult. Which is conducive to forming. At the same height, the hardness of the fillet part is obviously greater than the hardness of the adjacent two straight edges, which indicates that the material in the fillet part flows well and the work hardening phenomenon is obvious. The maximum hardness is near the entrance of the die fillet. The experiment of box-shaped flange deformation is consistent with the numerical simulation.