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2003年以来中国正在经历卫生筹资转型,具体表现在两方面:一是人均卫生总费用快速上涨;二是个人卫生支出占卫生总费用的比重持续下降。本文利用两套面板数据对中国卫生筹资转型的决定因素与健康绩效进行了研究,有以下主要发现:(1)我国人均卫生总费用的收入弹性为正数且小于1,医疗服务在中国应被视为必需品;(2)统筹基金卫生支出占GDP的比重与个人卫生支出占卫生总费用的比重两者之间呈负向关系,而非相互促进关系;(3)中国的卫生筹资转型刺激了居民门诊和住院的医疗服务利用程度,但是卫生筹资转型并未能够带来明显的健康绩效。最后,本文提出了相关政策建议。
Since 2003, China is experiencing the transformation of health financing. It shows in two aspects: firstly, the total cost of health per capita has risen rapidly; secondly, the proportion of personal health expenditure in the total health expenditure has continued to drop. This paper uses two sets of panel data to study the determinants and health performance of health financing in China. The main findings are as follows: (1) Income elasticity of total health expenditure per capita in China is positive and less than 1, and medical services in China should be (2) the negative relationship between the proportion of the overall fund health expenditure in GDP and the proportion of personal health expenditure in the total health expenditure, rather than mutually reinforcing the relationship; (3) China’s health financing reform stimulated Residents’ outpatient and inpatient access to medical services, however, the transition to health financing failed to deliver measurable health performance. Finally, this article put forward the relevant policy recommendations.