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在马克思之后,卢卡奇第一次强调了历史主体———人的作用和地位,使马克思主义摆脱了当时盛行的教条主义模式,重新回到了马克思哲学的传统道路上来。卢卡奇对黑格尔哲学中的主体性思想进行了批判,认为资产阶级哲学是以主体和客体分裂为特征的。卢卡奇认为,只有无产阶级才能真正完成主体和客体的统一。在如何扬弃物化,实现主体和客体的重新统一的途径问题上,卢卡奇在不同时期解决的方法不完全相同。早期,卢卡奇通过使客体人化,从根本上改变资本主义制度来实现;晚年,则更侧重劳动实践这一现实的实现主体和客体重新统一的途径。
After Marx, for the first time, Lukacs emphasized the role and position of the historical subject --- man and made Marxism get rid of the dogmatic mode prevailing at the time and returned to the traditional path of Marxist philosophy. Lukacs criticized the subjectivity thought in Hegel’s philosophy and held that bourgeois philosophy is characterized by the split of subject and object. Lukacs believes that only the proletariat can truly complete the unity of the subject and the object. In the question of how to subdue the materialization and realize the reunification of the subject and the object, Lukacs’ method of solution in different periods is not exactly the same. In the early days, Lukacs realized by humanizing the object and fundamentally changing the capitalist system. In his later years, Lukacs focused more on the reality of labor practice as a way to re-unify the subject and the subject.