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目的了解山东省青岛市初中生尝试吸烟状况及影响因素,为制定青少年控烟策略提供依据。方法通过多阶段分层整群抽样方法,于2014年9—11月,抽取青岛市44所初中6 155名初中生为调查对象,采用全球青少年烟草流行核心问卷调查青少年烟草使用和戒烟情况、二手烟暴露情况、获得卷烟的途径、烟草使用认知等。对数据加权后,采用SPSS软件进行数据分析。结果青岛市初中生尝试吸烟率为7.3%,男生尝试吸烟率为11.0%,高于女生的3.5%;初三学生尝试吸烟率为10.3%,高于初二学生的6.7%,初二学生高于初一学生的3.7%;城市学生尝试吸烟率为8.4%,高于农村学生的6.4%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。尝试吸烟的单因素分析结果显示,年级、性别、城乡等个体因素,家庭环境因素,社会环境因素以及吸烟认同度均对初中生尝试吸烟率有显著影响(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,初二、初三、男生、父母中有人吸烟、朋友中有人吸烟、看到教师吸烟、接触过烟草产品广告和营销的初中生尝试吸烟的危险度高。结论青岛市初中生尝试吸烟率受个人、家庭、学校、社会环境因素影响。
Objective To understand the smoking status and influencing factors of junior high school students in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, and to provide basis for formulating tobacco control strategies for adolescents. Methods From September to November 2014, a total of 6 155 middle school students from 44 junior high schools in Qingdao City were enrolled in this study. According to the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the global youth tobacco epidemic core questionnaire was used to investigate the tobacco use and smoking cessation among adolescents. Smoke exposure, access to cigarettes, tobacco use awareness, and more. After weighting the data, SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results The prevalence of attempted smoking among junior high school students in Qingdao was 7.3%, that of male students was 11.0%, 3.5% higher than that of girls; that of junior high students was 10.3%, higher than that of students of Grade Two students, Compared with 3.7% of the first-year students; the prevalence of urban students attempting to smoke was 8.4%, higher than that of rural students (6.4%) (all P <0.05). Univariate analysis of smoking behavior showed that individual factors such as grade, gender, urban and rural areas, family environment factors, social environmental factors and smoking acceptance rate had significant effects on the smoking prevalence rate of junior high school students (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that junior highs, junior highs, boys, parents smoking, smoking among friends, junior high school students exposed to teacher smoking, advertising on tobacco products and marketing had a high risk of smoking. Conclusion The smoking prevalence of junior high school students in Qingdao is affected by personal, family, school and social environment factors.