论文部分内容阅读
一、词语例解
1.settle
v.1)place or plant firmly and securely安置；安放
He settled himself in the armchair. 他安坐在扶手椅上。
2)to make a place your home定居；移居
The family finally settled in South Amer-ica.这家人最后在南美定居下来。
A long time ago．a great number of Eng—lish people settled in America and Australia．很久以前，大批英国人到美洲和澳洲定居。
3)to become quiet and calm静下来；安顿下来
I settled down in the chair and went tosleep.我在椅子里坐下来睡着了。
The children were noisy but they've set—tled down now.孩子们刚才很吵闹，不过现在已经安静了。
4)pay money that one owes偿付；结算(欠债、账单等)
At last he settled all his bills.最后他付清了一切账单。
The account is settled at the end of ev—cry year.每年年底结帐。
5)to decide决定；解决
We've settled that we'll stay here threedays.我们已经决定在这里住三天。
The question has been settled.这个问题已经解决了。
vt.1)take up residence定居
I can't make up my mind where to set—tle.我不能决定定居何处。
The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。
2)pass into a lasting,stable condition,position,etc.进入稳定的、持久的情况
The weather has settled at last.天气终于稳定下来(不再多变)了。
3)(settle to)apply oneself or one's mindto;occupy oneself continuously with致力于；忙于
He cannot settle to anything.他不能专心做任何事。
4)come to rest停；降
A butterfly settled on his arm.一只蝴蝶停在他手臂上。
2.voyage
n.sea iourney航行；(尤指)航海
The voyage from England to India used to take 6 months.从英国到印度的海上航行过去得用六个月的时间。
He made a voyage to Japan.他航行至日本。
【辨析】voyage,journey,trip,tour,travel
voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行，意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如：
She usually gets seasick during the voy．age.
They made a voyage across the Pacificby air.
journey通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”。只作名词。例如：
They have gone on a journey. 他们去旅行了。
trip一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替journey。只作名词。例如：
We made a boat trip to the island lastweek and had a good time.
I will be on a trip to/journey to thesouth next summer holiday.
tour着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“(周游各地的)参观、访问、视察、购物、演出”等意思，尤指最终返回原地的“旅游”。可作动词和名词。例如：
I will tour the world in the future.
My father has gone down-town on ashopping tour.
travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”，尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔记”、“游记”。例如：
At present,many people are fond of tray-el in their spare time.
I am reading a book about the travel tothe North Pole.
They came home after years of foreigntravel.
Light travels faster than sound.
3.surprising
adj.causing surprise使人惊奇的；出人意外的
There's nothing surprising about that;it's what everybody expected to happen. 没有什么可惊奇的，这件事的发生是在大家意料之中的。
Is there anything surprising about it?I don't think so.这难道还有什么可奇怪的?我认为没有什么可奇怪的。
【比较】surprised adj.吃惊的；惊讶的；(对……)感到惊讶的
I should not be surprised if it snowed tonight.如果今晚下雪我不会感到意外。
You will be surprised at[by]his progress.你会对他(意外)的进步感到惊讶。
I am very surprised to hear of his failure.我听到他失败的事感到吃惊。
4.relarion n.1)someone in your family亲属；亲戚
He's no relation to me.他不是我的亲戚。
She invited his relations to dinner.她请他的家人吃饭。
He had no other near relations.他没有其他近亲。
2)the comparison or connection between things关系；联系
Your answer has no relation to the clues－tion.你答非所问。
They are anxious to develop friendly re－lations with their neighboring countries．他们渴望同邻国发展友好关系。
二、短语精析
1.in relation to 关于；和……有关
I have a 1ot to say in relation to that af－fair.关于那件事我有好多话要说。
In relation to London.our town is very small． 和伦敦相比，我们这个城市小得很。
2.take possession of 占领；夺取
The soldiers took possession of the vil－lage.士兵们占领了村子。
3.be marked with 做记号于……；标志
The box of eggs was marked with"Care".这个鸡蛋盒标上了“小心”字样。
4.refer to 提到；参考；查阅；针对；提交(某人或某机关)做决定(处理)
In his speech.he didn't refer to theproblem at all.他的演讲中，他丝毫未涉及那个问题。
If you have any problems.refer to theguidebook.如果你有问题，请参阅旅游指南。
The scientists refer to the discovery asthe most exciting development in this field.这位科学家提到这一发现时，说它是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。
The new law doesn't refer to land usedfor farming.那条新法律并非针对耕种用地。
5.turn to 变成；求助；转行
The ice turned to water.冰化成水。
I had to turn to the dictionary for help.我只得求助于词典了。
After he left the university,he became ateacher,but later turned to iournalism.大学毕业后，他先当了老师，但后来转了行，干新闻工作了。
【拓展】turn into变成；变得turn in上交；归还turn on打开turn away转过脸去；转换方向；不准……入内；不让……参加；turn down拒绝turn up露面；到达
三、句式点睛
1.The ocean and seas surroundingthe islands are deep blue and many ofNew Zealand’s cities lie On a bay andhave a natural deep harbour.环绕岛屿的海洋呈深蓝色，新西兰的许多城市在海湾旁边，有着天然的深水港口。
1)句中的surrounding是现在分词作定语。现在分词作定语，与所定的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。如本句中的surrounding可改为which surroundo例如：
Most of the workers living(=who live)inthese new houses were ship builders.在这些新房子里居住的大多是造船工人。
They built a highway leading(=whichleads)into the mountains.他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。
【体味高考】
1.The wild flowers looked like a soft or－ange blanket______the desert.(NMET 2oo6湖南卷)
A.covering B.covered
C.cover D.to cover
2.Russ and Earl were auto mechanics____the same pay，but Earl had more am-bition.(NMET 2oo6上海卷)
A.to earn B.to have earned
C.earning D.earned
3.I was told that there were about 5oforeign students________Chinese in the school．most_____were from Germany.(NMET2oo6辽宁卷)
A.studying;of whom
B.study;of whom
C.studying;of them
D.studying;of whom
【解析】考查现在分词作定语，现在分词作定语表示主动意义。正确答案为1.A2.C 3.D。
2.New Zealand has a mild sea cli-mate,while the north is subtropical.新西兰拥有温和的海洋气候。但北方却是亚热带气候。
while用作并列连词，意为“然而”，引导并列句，表转折，前后常带有一对反义词或意义上相对的词汇。例如：
Some people waste food while othershaven't enough.一些人糟蹋食物而另一些人却食不果腹。
He likes English while she likes maths.他喜欢英语而她喜欢数学。
Some men are rich while others are poor.有人富，(而)有人穷。
【体味高考】
1.The cost of living in Glasgow is amongthe lowest in Britain,_____the quality of lifeis probably one of the highest.(NMET 2oo6天津)
A.since B.when C.as D.while
【解析】答案为D。lowest与highest之间的语境逻辑暗示该空表示对比，因此应填while。
1.settle
v.1)place or plant firmly and securely安置；安放
He settled himself in the armchair. 他安坐在扶手椅上。
2)to make a place your home定居；移居
The family finally settled in South Amer-ica.这家人最后在南美定居下来。
A long time ago．a great number of Eng—lish people settled in America and Australia．很久以前，大批英国人到美洲和澳洲定居。
3)to become quiet and calm静下来；安顿下来
I settled down in the chair and went tosleep.我在椅子里坐下来睡着了。
The children were noisy but they've set—tled down now.孩子们刚才很吵闹，不过现在已经安静了。
4)pay money that one owes偿付；结算(欠债、账单等)
At last he settled all his bills.最后他付清了一切账单。
The account is settled at the end of ev—cry year.每年年底结帐。
5)to decide决定；解决
We've settled that we'll stay here threedays.我们已经决定在这里住三天。
The question has been settled.这个问题已经解决了。
vt.1)take up residence定居
I can't make up my mind where to set—tle.我不能决定定居何处。
The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。
2)pass into a lasting,stable condition,position,etc.进入稳定的、持久的情况
The weather has settled at last.天气终于稳定下来(不再多变)了。
3)(settle to)apply oneself or one's mindto;occupy oneself continuously with致力于；忙于
He cannot settle to anything.他不能专心做任何事。
4)come to rest停；降
A butterfly settled on his arm.一只蝴蝶停在他手臂上。
2.voyage
n.sea iourney航行；(尤指)航海
The voyage from England to India used to take 6 months.从英国到印度的海上航行过去得用六个月的时间。
He made a voyage to Japan.他航行至日本。
【辨析】voyage,journey,trip,tour,travel
voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行，意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如：
She usually gets seasick during the voy．age.
They made a voyage across the Pacificby air.
journey通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”。只作名词。例如：
They have gone on a journey. 他们去旅行了。
trip一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替journey。只作名词。例如：
We made a boat trip to the island lastweek and had a good time.
I will be on a trip to/journey to thesouth next summer holiday.
tour着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“(周游各地的)参观、访问、视察、购物、演出”等意思，尤指最终返回原地的“旅游”。可作动词和名词。例如：
I will tour the world in the future.
My father has gone down-town on ashopping tour.
travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”，尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔记”、“游记”。例如：
At present,many people are fond of tray-el in their spare time.
I am reading a book about the travel tothe North Pole.
They came home after years of foreigntravel.
Light travels faster than sound.
3.surprising
adj.causing surprise使人惊奇的；出人意外的
There's nothing surprising about that;it's what everybody expected to happen. 没有什么可惊奇的，这件事的发生是在大家意料之中的。
Is there anything surprising about it?I don't think so.这难道还有什么可奇怪的?我认为没有什么可奇怪的。
【比较】surprised adj.吃惊的；惊讶的；(对……)感到惊讶的
I should not be surprised if it snowed tonight.如果今晚下雪我不会感到意外。
You will be surprised at[by]his progress.你会对他(意外)的进步感到惊讶。
I am very surprised to hear of his failure.我听到他失败的事感到吃惊。
4.relarion n.1)someone in your family亲属；亲戚
He's no relation to me.他不是我的亲戚。
She invited his relations to dinner.她请他的家人吃饭。
He had no other near relations.他没有其他近亲。
2)the comparison or connection between things关系；联系
Your answer has no relation to the clues－tion.你答非所问。
They are anxious to develop friendly re－lations with their neighboring countries．他们渴望同邻国发展友好关系。
二、短语精析
1.in relation to 关于；和……有关
I have a 1ot to say in relation to that af－fair.关于那件事我有好多话要说。
In relation to London.our town is very small． 和伦敦相比，我们这个城市小得很。
2.take possession of 占领；夺取
The soldiers took possession of the vil－lage.士兵们占领了村子。
3.be marked with 做记号于……；标志
The box of eggs was marked with"Care".这个鸡蛋盒标上了“小心”字样。
4.refer to 提到；参考；查阅；针对；提交(某人或某机关)做决定(处理)
In his speech.he didn't refer to theproblem at all.他的演讲中，他丝毫未涉及那个问题。
If you have any problems.refer to theguidebook.如果你有问题，请参阅旅游指南。
The scientists refer to the discovery asthe most exciting development in this field.这位科学家提到这一发现时，说它是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。
The new law doesn't refer to land usedfor farming.那条新法律并非针对耕种用地。
5.turn to 变成；求助；转行
The ice turned to water.冰化成水。
I had to turn to the dictionary for help.我只得求助于词典了。
After he left the university,he became ateacher,but later turned to iournalism.大学毕业后，他先当了老师，但后来转了行，干新闻工作了。
【拓展】turn into变成；变得turn in上交；归还turn on打开turn away转过脸去；转换方向；不准……入内；不让……参加；turn down拒绝turn up露面；到达
三、句式点睛
1.The ocean and seas surroundingthe islands are deep blue and many ofNew Zealand’s cities lie On a bay andhave a natural deep harbour.环绕岛屿的海洋呈深蓝色，新西兰的许多城市在海湾旁边，有着天然的深水港口。
1)句中的surrounding是现在分词作定语。现在分词作定语，与所定的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。如本句中的surrounding可改为which surroundo例如：
Most of the workers living(=who live)inthese new houses were ship builders.在这些新房子里居住的大多是造船工人。
They built a highway leading(=whichleads)into the mountains.他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。
【体味高考】
1.The wild flowers looked like a soft or－ange blanket______the desert.(NMET 2oo6湖南卷)
A.covering B.covered
C.cover D.to cover
2.Russ and Earl were auto mechanics____the same pay，but Earl had more am-bition.(NMET 2oo6上海卷)
A.to earn B.to have earned
C.earning D.earned
3.I was told that there were about 5oforeign students________Chinese in the school．most_____were from Germany.(NMET2oo6辽宁卷)
A.studying;of whom
B.study;of whom
C.studying;of them
D.studying;of whom
【解析】考查现在分词作定语，现在分词作定语表示主动意义。正确答案为1.A2.C 3.D。
2.New Zealand has a mild sea cli-mate,while the north is subtropical.新西兰拥有温和的海洋气候。但北方却是亚热带气候。
while用作并列连词，意为“然而”，引导并列句，表转折，前后常带有一对反义词或意义上相对的词汇。例如：
Some people waste food while othershaven't enough.一些人糟蹋食物而另一些人却食不果腹。
He likes English while she likes maths.他喜欢英语而她喜欢数学。
Some men are rich while others are poor.有人富，(而)有人穷。
【体味高考】
1.The cost of living in Glasgow is amongthe lowest in Britain,_____the quality of lifeis probably one of the highest.(NMET 2oo6天津)
A.since B.when C.as D.while
【解析】答案为D。lowest与highest之间的语境逻辑暗示该空表示对比，因此应填while。