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In this paper,high density of dislocations,grain boundaries and nanometer-scale α precipitates were introduced to a metastable Ti-36Nb-5Zr alloy (wt％) through a thermo-mechanical approach including severe cold rolling and short-time annealing treatment.The martensitic transformation was retarded,and the β phase with low content of β stabilizers was retained at room temperature after the thermo-mechanical treatment.As a result,both low modulus (57 GPa) and high strength (950 MPa) are obtained.The results indicate that it is a feasible strategy to control martensitic transformation start temperature through microstructure optimization instead of composition design,with the aim of fabricating low modulus β-type Ti alloy.