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水利工程建设在生态环境较恶劣,水资源严重短缺的干旱区其表现更为突出。科学的分析水利工程的生态效应可为区域水利工程与生态环境协调发展提供重要的理论依据。本文以Landsat遥感影像和水文数据为主要数据源,分析开都河流域第一分水枢纽工程建成前后的土地利用/土地覆被、径流量与生物量变化趋势,进一步讨论水利工程建设对开都河流域植被覆盖变化的影响。结果显示:1)第一分水枢纽工程建成以后,研究区土地利用动态度增加,其中耕地面积直线增加;2)通过对水利工程建设前后的水资源利用效率与流域生态环境质量进行对比分析,得知水利工程可以调节开都河水量在时间和空间上的分配,适应人类对水资源利用的要求;3)水利工程运行后,研究区植被覆盖度与生物量逐渐增加,裸地面积逐渐减少,说明水利工程的建设对生态环境有修复作用。
Water conservancy projects in the more adverse ecological environment, a serious shortage of water resources in arid areas its performance is more prominent. Scientific Analysis The ecological effects of water conservancy projects can provide important theoretical basis for the coordinated development of regional water conservancy projects and ecological environment. Landsat remote sensing imagery and hydrological data are the main data sources. This paper analyzes the trend of land use / land cover, runoff and biomass before and after the completion of the first water diversion project in Kaidu basin, and further discusses the water conservancy project construction in Kaidu Impact of vegetation cover change in river basin. The results showed: 1) After the completion of the first water diversion project, the dynamic degree of land use increased in the study area, of which, the area of cultivated land increased linearly; 2) By comparing the water use efficiency before and after the construction of the water conservancy project and the eco- That the water conservancy project can adjust the distribution of water in the open water in time and space to meet human requirements for water use; 3) After the water conservancy project operation, the vegetation coverage and biomass in the study area gradually increased, and the bare land area gradually decreased , Indicating that the construction of water conservancy projects have a repair effect on the ecological environment.