风云三号气象卫星(FY-3)是我国第二代极轨气象卫星的首发星,大部分仪器是第一次装载.11个仪器[1]中有4个大气探测仪器是数值天气预报同化直接关注的仪器,即,三个大气垂直探测仪器(微波温度计MWTS,类似于微波温度探测器MSU或AMSU-A;微波湿度计MWHS,类似于微波湿度探测器AMSU-B或MHS;红外分光计IRAS,类似于高分辨率红外探测器HIRS)和一个微波成像仪MWRI(类似于微波扫描辐射计AMSR-E).准确认识这4个仪器 The FY-3 weather satellite (FY-3) was the first satellite in China’s second-generation polar orbiting meteorological satellite, and most of the instruments were loaded for the first time. Four of the 11 instruments [1] Directly concerned with the instrument, namely, three vertical atmospheric detection instruments (microwave thermometer MWTS, similar to microwave temperature probe MSU or AMSU-A; microwave hygrometer MWHS, similar to the microwave humidity detector AMSU-B or MHS; infrared spectrometer IRAS, similar to the high-resolution infrared detector HIRS) and a microwave imager MWRI (similar to the microwave scanning radiometer AMSR-E). Accurate understanding of these 4 instruments