(一) 立体异构物通常是采用在化合物名称前加形容词的命名方法:旋光异构物分别用左旋((-)或l-),右旋((+)或d-),不旋(i-),内消旋(meso-),外消旋(r-或dl-)和旋性(active)表示旋光性质;又用D-(右型)和L-(左型)表示其构型。几何异构物的构型则分别用“顺”和“反”或“内”(endo-)和“外”(exo-)来表示。但是,由于科学技术的发展,无论在有机化学,无机化学,生物化学以及高分子化 (A) Stereoisomers are usually nomenclature of adding adjectives before the name of the compound: the optical isomers are labeled with either the left (- or l-), right (+ or d-) i-), meso-, racemic (r- or dl-) and active represent optically active properties; again, D- (right) and L- (left) represent their structures type. The geometrical isomer configuration is expressed as “cis” and “anti” or “endo-” and “exo-”, respectively. However, due to the development of science and technology, both in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry and polymer