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飞机在空中飞行,即使能见度不高,驾驶员仍可通过无线电设备来测定方位,用雷达探测前方的物体及其大致的距离。但在飞机起飞和降落时情况就不同了,驾驶员通常还要用眼睛仔细确定飞机飞行高度及飞行姿态来作及时调整。此时机场上空及附近的云层底部与地面的距离是制约飞机起降的重要指标。目前全世界在测量云高上多采用芬兰Vaisala公司生产的云高仪CT25K和CL31,其中兰州中川机场于2001年安装并开放使用了CT25K云高仪设备,于跑道外的南北近台各安装了一部,分别称为18和36号。24 h不间断为进出港的飞机提供云底高度信息。CT25K云高仪采用脉冲二级管激光探测LIDAR技术和测距技术探测云、降水和其他可视物体。本文主要结合兰州中川机场CT25K云高仪的使用情况,对一次典型的云高仪故障进行了剖析,并介绍了CT25K云高仪的基本原理,光学交扰补偿以及主要部件的拆装方法。
Plane flying in the air, even if the visibility is not high, the driver can still determine the location of the radio equipment, with the radar to detect the front of the object and its approximate distance. However, when the aircraft take off and landfall is different, the driver usually with the eyes carefully determine the aircraft flight altitude and flight attitude for timely adjustment. At this time, the distance between the bottom of the clouds above and near the airport and the ground is an important indicator that restricts the takeoff and landing of the aircraft. At present, the Ceilometer CT25K and CL31 manufactured by Finnish Vaisala are used all over the world. Among them, the Lanzhou Zhongchuan Airport installed and opened the CT25K ceilometer in 2001 and installed near the runways One, called 18 and 36 respectively. 24 h non-stop aircraft for the import and export of cloud bottom height information. The CT25K Ceilometer uses pulsed diode laser detection LIDAR technology and ranging technology to detect clouds, precipitation and other visible objects. In this paper, we mainly analyze the use of CT25K ceilometer in Lanzhou Zhongchuan Airport, and analyze a typical failure of ceilometer. We also introduce the basic principle of CT25K ceilometer, optical crosstalk compensation and the disassembly and assembly of main components.