土样的采集和处理土壤样品必须具有充分的代表性。速测的目的不同,选择代表性土样的具体要求也不相同。(一)为了一般地了解土壤肥瘦状况:在普查土壤、总结丰产经验、制订施肥方案、规划农田基本建设、拟订土壤利用改良措施等各项工作中,常常需要测定土壤的一些肥力状况。这时所用土样应尽可能地多点均匀采集,混合均匀,以便求得其平均概念。具体采法如下:先把采样区划分成若干采样单位。同一采样单位里的地形应基本一致,其近期耕作施肥等措施和作物生长表现也应基本相同。每一采样单位的面积一般不要超过三、五十亩。在采样单位里,采样点的分布应 Soil sampling and handling Soil samples must be adequately represented. The purpose of the quick test is different, and the specific requirements for selecting a representative sample of soil are also different. (I) In order to understand the status of soil fat and lean generally, it is often necessary to determine some soil fertility conditions in surveys of soils, summaries of productive experiences, formulation of fertilization plans, planning of farmland infrastructures and development of soil improvement measures. At this time, the soil samples should be evenly collected as much as possible and mixed evenly in order to obtain the average concept. Specific mining method is as follows: First, the sampling area is divided into a number of sampling units. The same sampling unit in the terrain should be basically the same, the recent farming and fertilization measures and crop growth performance should be basically the same. The area of ​​each sampling unit generally do not exceed three, fifty acres. In sampling units, the distribution of sampling points should be