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一、引言 多年来,从事受控核聚变的研究人员相继对环形磁约束装置的硬X射线辐射做了许多深入的实验研究,因为逃逸电子是高温等离子体的必然产物,通过逃逸电子产物——硬X射线的研究,便可得知等离子体的行为。但是,装置的硬X射线辐射剂量却直接影响到周围环境及工作人员的身体健康。高能X射线通过物质时,主要以光电效应,康普顿散射和电子对效应损失能量,进入生物组织后,X射线能量在其中转移、吸收乃至最终导致组织损伤。随着实验的进展,人们对硬X射线辐射剂量日益关心。为此,1987年,我们在HL-1装置实验运行期间(近旁的电子回旋共振加热系统未投入工作),测量了装置的硬X射线辐射剂量。
I. INTRODUCTION Over the years, researchers engaged in controlled nuclear fusion have conducted many in-depth experimental studies on hard X-ray radiation of a toroidal magnetic confinement device. Escaping electrons is an inevitable result of high-temperature plasma. By escaping electron products, Hard X-ray studies have shown plasma behavior. However, the hard X-ray dose of the device has a direct impact on the environment and the health of the staff. When high-energy X-rays pass through the material, they mainly lose energy due to photoelectric effect, Compton scattering and electron-pair effect, and enter into the biological tissue after which the X-ray energy is transferred, absorbed and finally caused tissue damage. With the progress of the experiment, people are increasingly concerned about the dose of hard X-ray radiation. For this reason, in 1987 we measured the hard X-ray dose of the device during the experimental run of the HL-1 device (near the electron cyclotron resonance heating system was not in operation).