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在龙游石窟砂岩胶结物的粘土矿物类型及特性研究的基础上,对窟内的积水、洞室顶部的裂隙渗水、地表水及衢江水等水样进行化学分析,结果表明石窟砂岩的矿物组成及构造,决定了洞室渗水的水质,是造成水质不同的主要原因。对石窟洞室砂岩试样分别浸沉在上述水及蒸馏水中,并定期对浸沉水样进行化学分析,研究了石窟砂岩与水的相互作用机理,结果表明:由大气降水入渗而形成的渗透水对石窟的影响主要是渗透过程中发生的水化、溶脱、氧化等反应,从而导致洞室砂岩的矿物组成及构造产生变化,同时也直接影响了渗透水的水质。因此,粘土矿物与水之间有着相互制约,相互影响的作用,但是岩石中所含粘土矿物特性是使砂岩发生风化的主要原因。
Based on the study of clay mineral types and characteristics of sandstone cements in Longyou Grottoes, the chemical analysis was carried out on the water accumulated in the caves, the seepage water in the cracks at the top of the caves, the surface water and the Qujiang water. The results show that the minerals The composition and structure determine the seepage water quality of the cavern, which is the main reason for the different water quality. Sandstone samples from cave cavern were immersed in the above water and distilled water, respectively, and chemical analysis was carried out on the submerged sand samples periodically to study the interaction mechanism between sandstone and water in the grottoes. The results show that the infiltration water The main influence on the grottoes is the hydration, stripping and oxidation during the infiltration, which leads to the changes of the mineral composition and structure of the sandstone in the cavern and directly affects the water quality of the infiltrated water. Therefore, there is a mutual restraint and interaction between clay minerals and water. However, the characteristics of clay minerals contained in rocks are the main reasons for weathering of sandstone.