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目的:调查宁海县某学校食物中毒事件的致病原因,以控制事件发展和防止类似事件再次发生。方法:制定病例定义,开展病例搜索,采用描述流行病学方法描述疾病的三间分布、临床表现,以在校内就餐的师生为研究对象进行回顾性队列研究,对生产企业进行现场卫生学调查,采集病例生物样品进行致病菌检测。结果:29例病例临床表现主要为恶心(100.00%)、呕吐(89.66%)、腹痛(89.66%)和腹泻(68.96%),平均潜伏期2.7h。回顾性队列研究显示学校超市销售的鸡肉卷(RR=1657,95%CI:990~2773)与发病有关。实验室检测结果显示在13份生物样品中检出金黄色葡萄球菌和肠毒素,12株产肠毒素金黄色葡萄球菌电泳条带100%相似,且同时存在SEA、SEB、SED、SEE 4种肠毒素。结论:该事件为一起因食用校内超市销售的被金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素污染的鸡肉卷引起的食物中毒。
Objective: To investigate the causes of food poisoning in a school in Ninghai County in order to control the development of events and prevent the recurrence of similar incidents. Methods: To define the case, carry out the case search, describe the epidemiological method to describe the three distributions of the disease, clinical manifestations, and conduct a retrospective cohort study on the teachers and students dining in the school. , Collecting case biological samples for pathogen detection. Results: The clinical manifestations of the 29 cases were mainly nausea (100.00%), vomiting (89.66%), abdominal pain (89.66%) and diarrhea (68.96%) with an average incubation period of 2.7 hours. Retrospective cohort studies showed that chicken rolls sold at school supermarkets (RR = 1657, 95% CI: 990-2773) were associated with morbidity. The results of laboratory tests showed that Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin were detected in 13 biological samples, and 12 strains of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus electrophoresis bands were 100% similar. There were also 4 kinds of SEA, SEB, SED and SEE toxin. Conclusion: The incident was a result of food poisoning caused by chicken rolls contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins that are marketed on campus.