我院近2年来收治有机磷农药中毒误诊为病毒性脑炎2例,现就其临床资料进行误诊原因分析。1 病例报告例1:患儿女,4岁,因头痛1天伴呕吐2次入院。检查:体温37.3℃,脉搏68次/分,呼吸32次/分,体重16Kg。神清,精神萎糜,颈稍有抵抗。双肺少许痰鸣音,腹部无异常。巴氏征(-)、克氏征(±)。脑脊液无色透明,蛋白(±),细胞计数13×10~6/L。诊断为“病毒性脑炎”。给予阿糖胞苷、氯霉素,20%甘露 2 years admitted to our hospital organophosphate pesticide poisoning misdiagnosed as viral encephalitis in 2 cases, is now on its clinical data misdiagnosis. Case Report 1: Children, 4 years old, admitted to hospital twice a day due to headache with vomiting. Check: body temperature 37.3 ℃, pulse 68 beats / min, breathing 32 beats / min, weight 16Kg. Clear, spiritual wilt Mi, slightly resistant neck. A little lung phlegm, no abnormal abdomen. Pakistan sign (-), Kirschner sign (±). Cerebrospinal fluid was colorless and transparent, protein (±), cell count 13 × 10 ~ 6 / L. Diagnosed as “viral encephalitis.” Give cytarabine, chloramphenicol, 20% nectar