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所谓建筑节能不仅是建筑本身的节能,且由城市的综合环境、气候条件、总体布局;建筑物的形体变化、朝向;外围护结构保温、隔热的性能;门窗质量等许多综合性因素构成,高层建筑体形庞大,如,容积率过高,相邻建筑互相遮挡、不通透,形成大面积阴影区,城市人居环境质量下降,市中心人口膨胀、交通拥挤。除此之外,近些年在某些城市建高层建筑已成风气,设计者往往贪大求高,大部分精力放在追求立面形式和使用功能上,而往往忽略生态环境的保护、建筑设计节能意识淡薄,造成高能耗、低效益,影响常年使用,浪费巨大。现叙述了高层建筑节能与气候、地理条件的关系。建筑位置、朝向与接受太阳辐射热能的关系及高层围护结构墙体的保温、隔热存在的问题及今后发展方向。
The so-called building energy-saving is not only the building itself energy-saving, and by the city’s comprehensive environment, climate conditions, the overall layout; changes in the shape of the building, heading; insulation structure, insulation performance; High-rise buildings are huge in shape. For example, the floor area ratio is too high. Neighboring buildings block each other and are not transparent. A large-scale shadow area is formed. The quality of urban living environment is declining. The population in the downtown area is increased and traffic is congested. In addition, in recent years, the construction of high-rise buildings in some cities has become a trend. Designers often greedy and lofty, most of the energy on the pursuit of facade forms and functions, and often ignore the ecological protection, construction Low awareness of the design of energy-saving, resulting in high energy consumption, low efficiency, affecting perennial use, huge waste. Now described the high-rise building energy and climate, geographical conditions. The relationship between building location, orientation and receiving solar thermal energy and the existing problems of thermal insulation and heat insulation of high-rise building wall and the future development direction.