完善历史教育是一个国家的常见问题,这一问题在当代俄罗斯格外迫切。后苏联时期俄罗斯社会政治、经济和思想的转变让我们有必要去重新审视以前的社会发展,以及祖国和国外的历史。本文将简要论述在苏联解体后的社会政治经济转型的大背景下,最近三至五年内的俄罗斯中等教育阶段的历史教科书的编写以及对第二次世界大战中的中国抗日战争内容的叙述。一、普京总统与新版历史教科书的编写在过去的几十年中,中小学历史教育的学者、历史教师和教学法专家的努力取得了实质性的成 Perfection of history education is a common problem in a country. This issue is especially urgent in contemporary Russia. The post-Soviet transformation of Russia’s social politics, economy and thought made it necessary for us to re-examine the previous social development as well as the history of the motherland and abroad. This article will briefly discuss the preparation of a history textbook for Russia’s secondary education in the recent three to five years and a narrative of the content of the Chinese anti-Japanese war in the Second World War under the background of the socio-political and economic transition after the Soviet Union’s dissolution. I. President Putin and the Compilation of a New History Textbook In the past few decades, the efforts of historians, history teachers and pedagogical experts in primary and secondary history education have made substantial achievements.