春秋战国，诸侯“争于气力”（《韩非子·五蠹》），“以攻伐为贤”（《史记·孟子苟卿列传》），当此之时，孔子、孟子却以其德治、仁政之说游说诸侯，被认为迂阔而不切时务。然而，汉中叶以后，无论是大一统的国家格局，还是南北分治、地方割据、群雄混战之时，儒学却基本上 At the time of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, “pride of power” (“Han Feizi” and “Weng Bei”) and “taking attack as a good man” (“Historical Records Mencius and Gou Qing”), Confucius and Mencius, The theory of benevolent government lobbying princes is considered rather broad-minded. However, after the Hanzhong Yeh, no matter whether it was an unifying national structure, or a division between the north and south, local separatism, and warlords, Confucianism basically