论文部分内容阅读
由于在海洋真光带产生的有机质是通过中层带沉降的,因此其成分从容易被一般的色谱技术所表征到不易被表征。分子一级不被识别的物质被称作为“不典型的”。若干过程导致了有机质的这一转变:颗粒的聚集/解集作用,造成高度分解的和变质较严重物质的混入;有机化合物重新结合成地质大分子;以及特定生物大分子有选择的保存。再者,微生物活动可能引入新的细脆壁或不易被表征的其他生物量物质,或者它们可能产生诸如代谢产物的物质。此外,燃烧过程所产生的炭黑可能构成不典型有机质的一小部分,因为它不在标准的生化技术中分析。尽管存在着这些妨碍化学鉴定的不能很好定义的成分变化,在沉降的颗粒中的绝大多数有机质仍能为海洋微生物所接近并最终被它们重新矿化。
Since the organic matter produced in the true ocean zone is subsided through the middle zone, its composition is easily characterized by general chromatographic techniques. Substances at the molecular level are not recognized as “atypical ”. Several processes have led to this shift in organic matter: the aggregation / deagglomeration of particles, resulting in the incorporation of highly degraded and more metamorphic material; the reintegration of organic compounds into geologic macromolecules; and the selective preservation of specific biological macromolecules. Furthermore, microbial activity may introduce new fine brittle walls or other biomaterials that are difficult to characterize, or they may produce substances such as metabolites. In addition, the carbon black produced by the combustion process may form a small fraction of the atypical organic matter because it is not analyzed in standard biochemical techniques. Despite these poorly defined compositional changes that prevent chemical identification, most of the organic matter in the settled particles remains accessible to marine organisms and eventually re-mineralized by them.