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从心理学的角度分析,学生写作的心理活动过程与阅读的心理过程相反。学生读一篇文章,首先感知的是语言文字,必须由词到句,由句到段,由段到篇,逐步读懂,形成意义联系,才能理解这篇文章。因此,学生的阅读是经历由文字到思想,由形式到内容,由外表到内部,由部分到整体的心理过程。而写作过程是从所要表达的思想内容去选择文字的表达形式,其心理历程是由思想到语文,由内容到形式,由内部到外表,由整体到部分。即首先确定中心思想和题材,然后确定写作顺序、段落层次,再选择适当的词句来表达这些内容。换言之,写作的一般构思过程是:先确定“写什么”,再考虑“怎样写”。而“写什么”,
From the perspective of psychology, the student’s psychological process of writing is contrary to the psychological process of reading. When a student reads an article, the first thing he perceives is language, which must be word-to-sentence, from sentence to paragraph, from paragraph to chapter, and gradually read and understand, to form a meaningful connection in order to understand this article. Therefore, students’ reading is a mental process that goes from text to thought, from form to content, from appearance to interior, from part to whole. The writing process is to choose the expression form of words from the ideological content to be expressed. Its psychological process is from thought to language, from content to form, from inside to outside, from whole to part. That is, first determine the central idea and subject matter, and then determine the order of writing, paragraph level, and then select the appropriate words to express these contents. In other words, the general idea of writing is to determine “what to write” and then “how to write.” And “what to write,”