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克里米亚位于乌克兰南部的克里米亚半岛,濒临黑海和亚速海,是乌克兰境内唯一一个自治共和国。它面积2.55万平方公里,人口约250万,其中,俄罗斯人占近60%,乌克兰人占约24%。首府为辛菲罗波尔。乌克兰语为官方唯一语言。历史上,克里米亚曾先后被不同的民族占领,1783年被沙俄吞并。1918年,克里米亚归属俄罗斯。1921年10月建立克里米亚自治共和国,仍归俄罗斯联邦管辖。1946年苏联最高苏维埃发布命令,将克里米亚自治共和国降格为克里米亚州。1954年5月,为纪念乌克兰与俄罗斯联邦合并300周年,苏联最高苏维埃主席团下令将克里米亚州划归乌克兰。
Located in the Crimean peninsula in southern Ukraine, on the verge of the Black Sea and the Azov Sea, Crimea is the only autonomous republic in Ukraine. It covers an area of 25,500 square kilometers and has a population of about 2.5 million. Among them, Russia accounts for nearly 60% and Ukrainians account for about 24%. The capital is Simferopol. Ukrainian is the official language only. Historically, Crimea has been occupied by different ethnic groups, was annexed by Russia in 1783. In 1918, Crimea belonged to Russia. In 1921 October the establishment of the autonomous republic of Crimea, still under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. In 1946, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union issued an order to lower the Autonomous Republic of Crimea to Crimea. In May 1954, to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the merger of Ukraine and the Russian Federation, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union ordered the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine.