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目的：从毫秒级功能变化水平实时观察骨骼肌在潜伏期内的细胞超微结构形态变化。方法：采用双向红外线探测器－计算机控制的电刺激与超低温快速冷冻固定同步技术，对电刺激后的蟾蜍腓肠肌组织作快速冷冻固定，采用透射电镜对该肌在电刺激后０．８，５．６，８．４ｍｓ及静息期的超微结构变化进行对比研究。结果：骨骼肌组织处于静息期时，其肌膜与肌纤维的间隙较宽，受电刺激后０．８ｍｓ开始至８．４ｍｓ，肌膜与肌细胞间的间隙大大变窄。并发现骨骼肌组织在电刺激后０．８，５．６及８．４ｍｓ时肌浆网前端的膜产生两个圆孔，而当骨骼肌处于静息期时肌浆网膜并无此形态结构。结论：当骨骼肌兴奋－收缩偶联发生时，肌膜在产生去极化的同时产生位移，并与肌纤维的间距发生改变；骨骼肌收缩时肌浆网膜出现小孔。
OBJECTIVE: To observe in real time the changes of ultrastructure of skeletal muscle cells during the incubation period from millisecond level of functional changes. Methods: Bi-directional infrared detector-computer-controlled electrostimulation and ultra-low temperature rapid freezing and fixation techniques were used to rapidly fix the toads gastrocnemius tissue after electrical stimulation. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on the muscle after electrical stimulation. 6,8.4 ms and resting ultrastructure changes were compared. Results: Skeletal muscle tissue at resting period, the muscle and muscle fiber gap wide, 0.8ms after the start of electrical stimulation to 8.4ms, sphincter and muscle cell gap was significantly narrower. And found that the sarcoplasmic reticulum at the anterior membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum produced two round holes at 0, 5, 6 and 8.4 ms after electrical stimulation, whereas the sarcoplasmic reticulum did not have this form when the skeletal muscle was resting structure. CONCLUSIONS: When the excitatory-contractile coupling of skeletal muscle occurs, the sarcolemma displaces with depolarization and changes its distance from the muscle fiber. Skeletal muscle stenoses with sarcolemmal pores.