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马克思主要分两个时期对东方落后国家的社会发展道路进行探索:第一个时期是19世纪50年代,马克思主要对亚细亚生产方式进行了认真剖析,并用它来表征东方社会的现实特点,同时试图用西方的发展道路来框定东方;第二个时期是19世纪七八十年代,马克思主要对俄国社会的历史命运进行了预测分析,认识到西欧社会的发展道路不是人类社会的一般发展道路,提出俄国等落后东方国家有可能跨越资本主义的卡夫丁峡谷而吸取资本主义的一切优秀成果,直接进行社会主义革命的理论。
Marx mainly explores the social development path of the backward backward countries in two phases. The first period is the 1850s. Marx made a careful analysis of the Asian mode of production and used it to characterize the realistic characteristics of the Eastern society. At the same time, In the second period, from the seventies and eighties of the 18th century, Marx mainly carried out a predictive analysis of the historical fate of Russian society. He realized that the development path of Western European society is not a general development path of human society and put forward Russia and other backward eastern countries may cross the capitalist Cafudin Gorge to learn all the outstanding achievements of capitalism and directly carry out the theory of socialist revolution.