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通过对大鼠使用不同的实验设计,我们可以回答围生期脂类代谢变化造成的短期或长期影响的几个没有得到答案的问题。首先,可以说明怀孕的前半期母体脂肪蓄积的重要性,在这个关键时期胎儿的发育是缓慢的,营养不良影响脂肪库的蓄积,不但限制了子宫内的发育而且有长期的影响,如成年后的葡萄糖耐量降低。其次,哺乳期的营养不良可以产生降低体重的长期效应,即使断奶后食物的摄入恢复正常也不能改变这种效应。我们的发现也表明在怀孕期和哺乳期丰富的n-3系列脂肪酸摄入会对子代的发育有不良的影响,但一些交叉的喂养试验表明这种影响的产生是由哺乳期而不是怀孕期摄入丰富的n-3脂肪酸造成的。在怀孕期和哺乳期食用富含n-3脂肪酸饮食的母鼠子代10周时的血糖/胰岛素的关系发生了改变,既然富含n-3系列脂肪酸的饮食会降低哺乳期母乳的分泌量,那么通过进行一些附加的的实验来确定是否减少食物的摄入或改变饮食的脂肪酸构成或者两者都改变会对葡萄糖/胰岛素中枢有长期的影响。结果:表明在哺乳期降低n-3脂肪酸的饮食摄入而不是乳构成的变化在出生后16周时会造成胰腺(葡萄糖应答)胰岛素敏感性降低。结论:目前的研究表明在怀孕早期母乳脂肪蓄积受损以及哺乳期食物的摄入而不是饮食脂肪酸的构成不同对出生后的发育和成年鼠的葡萄糖/胰岛素关系有主要的影响。
Using different experimental designs in rats, we can answer several unanswered questions about the short-term or long-term effects of changes in perinatal lipid metabolism. First of all, it shows the importance of maternal fat accumulation in the first half of pregnancy. During this critical period, the development of the fetus is slow. Malnutrition affects the accumulation of fat stores, which not only limits the development in uterus but also has a long-term effect. For example, after adulthood Decreased glucose tolerance. Second, malnutrition during lactation can have a long-term effect of reducing weight, even after the weaning normalized diet does not alter this effect. Our findings also indicate that rich intake of n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation can have adverse effects on offspring development, but cross-feeding trials have shown that this effect is caused by lactation rather than by pregnancy Period intake of n-3 fatty acids caused by the rich. The relationship between blood glucose / insulin at 10 weeks of pregnancy in offspring and during lactation in mothers with n-3 fatty acid diets has changed. Since n-3 fatty acid enriched diets reduce breast milk lactation , Then some additional experiments to determine whether to reduce food intake or dietary fatty acid composition or both have long-term effects on the glucose / insulin center. Results: Changes in dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids during lactation rather than milk formation caused a reduction in insulin sensitivity of the pancreas (glucose response) at 16 weeks after birth. CONCLUSIONS: Current studies show that impaired breast milk fat accumulation during early pregnancy and differences in the composition of dietary fatty acids from lactation foods have a major effect on the glucose / insulin relationship of postnatal development and adult mice.