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目的 探讨外科重症监护病人院内获得性肺炎的痰菌分布及对抗生素的耐药性。方法 对外科重症监护病房 1995年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月患获得性肺炎的 6 2例病人 2 44株痰菌资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2 44株细菌中 ,G-杆菌占 79.5 1% ,G+ 球菌占 2 0 .49% ,单一菌的检出率为铜绿假单胞杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌分别居G-杆菌和G+ 球菌的首位 ,不动杆菌属及嗜麦芽窄食假单胞菌的感染率有上升趋势 ;药敏试验结果表明细菌耐药性强 ,碳青霉烯类抗生素亚胺培南和万古霉素分别对G-杆菌和G+ 球菌有很高敏感性。结论 外科重症监护病人院内获得性肺炎的致病菌以G-杆菌为主 ,感染菌的耐药性高 ,通过痰菌培养和药敏试验 ,可了解NP病人致病菌的流行特征 ,指导临床正确而合理地使用抗生素。
Objective To investigate the distribution of sputum bacteria and the antibiotic resistance to nosocomial pneumonia in surgical intensive care patients. Methods The data of 2 44 sputum samples of 62 patients with acquired pneumonia from January 1995 to December 2010 in the surgical intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 44 strains of bacteria, 79.5% were G-bacteria and 20.49% were G-bacteria. The detection rate of single bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus respectively The first, Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Pseudomonas infection rates are on the rise; drug susceptibility test results show that bacterial resistance, carbapenem antibiotics imipenem and vancomycin respectively G Bacillus and G + cocci have high sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of pathogenic bacteria in hospital acquired pneumonia in surgical intensive care patients are G-bacilli. The infection-resistant bacteria are highly resistant. Through the culture of sputum and susceptibility testing, the epidemiological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in NP patients can be understood and the clinical Use antibiotics correctly and reasonably.