目的分析2014—2015年湖北省仙桃市居民主要死亡原因及死亡情况,为制定提高期望寿命并促进居民身体健康的相关防治措施提供科学依据。方法根据2014—2015年死因监测数据计算仙桃市居民死亡率、死因顺位,采用简略寿命表计算期望寿命。方法根据2014—2015年死因监测数据计算仙桃市居民死亡率、死因顺位,采用简略寿命表计算期望寿命。结果2014年和2015年仙桃市居民死亡率分别为638.04/10万和622.54/10万,死亡率随年龄增长而上升;前5位死因均为心脏病、肿瘤、脑血管病、伤害和呼吸系统疾病,全人群期望寿命分别为79.48岁和79.26岁。结论仙桃市2014—2015年全人群死因监测工作质量较好,工作落实到位,居民的健康状况良好;但仙桃市慢性病的防治已刻不容缓,需在今后加强慢性病防治的宣传,促进居民健康生活方式的转变,以降低其死亡水平。 Objective To analyze the main causes and deaths of residents in Xiantao City, Hubei Province during 2014-2015, and provide scientific evidence for the development of related prevention and treatment measures to improve life expectancy and promote residents’ health. Methods Based on the monitoring data of cause of death from 2014 to 2015, the mortality and cause of death of residents in Xiantao City were calculated, and the life expectancy was calculated by using simple life table. Methods Based on the monitoring data of cause of death from 2014 to 2015, the mortality and cause of death of residents in Xiantao City were calculated, and the life expectancy was calculated by using simple life table. Results The mortality rates of Xiantao residents were 638.04 / lakh and 622.54 / lakh respectively in 2014 and 2015. The mortality rate increased with age. The top five causes of death were heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease, injuries and respiratory system Disease, life expectancy of the entire population were 79.48 years and 79.26 years old. Conclusion The quality of the cause of death monitoring work in Xiantao from 2014 to 2015 was good and the work was put in place. The health status of residents was good. However, the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in Xiantao City is urgent. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of chronic disease prevention and control and promote the healthy life style of residents Change to reduce their level of death.