离子液体(ILs)因其独特物理化学性质成为新型反应溶剂和催化剂,在生物催化反应中有着广阔的应用前景。根据不同ILs的水溶性,其与水可形成4种反应介质,即微水ILs单相体系、亲水性ILs-水单相体系、疏水性ILs-水两相体系和ILs微乳液体系。本文分别介绍了不同ILs反应体系中生物催化剂的催化活性、稳定性和选择性,综述了这些体系中的生物催化反应研究进展。 Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, ionic liquids (ILs) have become a new type of reaction solvent and catalyst, which has broad application prospects in biocatalytic reactions. According to the water-solubility of different ILs, it can form four reaction media with water, namely single-phase water-ILs, hydrophilic ILs-water single-phase, hydrophobic ILs-water two-phase and ILs microemulsion. In this paper, the catalytic activity, stability and selectivity of biocatalysts in different ILs reaction systems were introduced respectively. The progress of biocatalytic reactions in these systems was reviewed.