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基于室内模拟降雨试验,分析了我国水土流失典型区代表性土样的溅蚀特征,探讨了溅蚀与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明,溅蚀量明显受土壤理化性质的影响,黑土土样因团聚体含量及稳定性高,溅蚀量最低;采自内蒙古自治区东胜市的黄土土样因砂粒含量(易被溅蚀的颗粒范围)高,溅蚀量最高;其它黄土土样、红壤土样及紫色土土样或因粉粒含量为主或因团聚体稳定性差而导致溅蚀量居中。模拟降雨条件下,除黑土土样和内蒙古自治区东胜市的黄土土样外,其它土样均发育表土结皮,导致溅蚀率呈现波动态势。
Based on the indoor simulated rainfall test, the characteristics of splashing and erosion of representative soil samples from typical soil and water loss areas in China were analyzed, and the relationship between splash erosion and soil physical and chemical properties was discussed. The results showed that the amount of splashing was significantly affected by the soil physical and chemical properties. The content and stability of aggregates in black soil samples were the highest, and the lowest amount of splashing was observed. The loess samples collected from Dongsheng City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were affected by sand content Of the particles range) high, the highest amount of sputter erosion; other loess samples, red soil samples and purple soil samples or mainly due to the particle content or due to poor aggregate stability caused by the amount of splash erosion. Under simulated rainfall conditions, except for loess soil samples and loess soil samples from Dongsheng City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, other soil samples developed surface crusts, resulting in the fluctuation of sputter erosion rate.