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目的了解西安市在校青少年吸烟状况,探讨西安市青少年吸烟行为与其家庭等因素的关系,为预防和减少青少年吸烟行为的发生提供依据。方法从西安市6个区分层抽取8所中学的初二、高一和高三年级学生1028名进行自编问卷调查,分析家庭因素与青少年吸烟的关系。采取χ2检验、独立样本t检验和多因素Logistic回归模型进行分析。结果西安市青少年吸烟行为在年级和性别上差异有统计学意义;父母情感温暖与理解与青少年吸烟行为有负向关系;父母监控、父母严厉惩罚和拒绝否认与青少年尝试吸烟行为有正向关系;家庭结构、父母吸烟和其他家庭成员吸烟与青少年尝试吸烟行为有关。性别、父母吸烟、母亲拒绝否认、其他家庭成员吸烟、父亲情感温暖与理解对西安市青少年开始吸烟行为有预测作用。结论青少年尝试吸烟行为与家庭中诸多因素有密切关系,营造良好的家庭环境、维护稳定的家庭结构和倡导科学的教养方式有利于预防和减少青少年吸烟行为。
Objective To understand the prevalence of smoking in adolescents in Xi’an and to explore the relationship between smoking behavior and their family in Xi’an so as to provide evidence for preventing and reducing the occurrence of smoking among adolescents in Xi’an. Methods A total of 1028 students from 8 middle schools in 8 middle schools were sampled from 6 districts of Xi’an to conduct a self-made questionnaire survey to analyze the relationship between family factors and smoking among adolescents. Chi-square test, independent sample t-test and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze. Results Adolescents ’smoking behavior in Xi’an had significant difference in grade and gender. Parents’ feelings of warmth and understanding had a negative relationship with teenagers ’smoking behavior. Parental control, parents’ severe punishment and denial of denial had a positive relationship with adolescent smoking behavior. Family structure, parental smoking and smoking in other family members are related to attempts by young people to smoke. Gender, parental smoking, mother’s refusal to deny that other family members smoked, father’s emotional warmth and understanding had a predictive effect on the initiation of smoking among youngsters in Xi’an. Conclusion Adolescent smoking behavior is closely related to many factors in the family. Creating a good family environment, maintaining a stable family structure and advocating scientific parenting are conducive to preventing and reducing smoking among adolescents.