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畜禽粪便高温好氧堆肥过程中氨气的排放不仅污染环境,而且会降低有机肥氮素含量。因此,控制好氧堆肥过程中氨挥发是降低氮损失及减少堆肥周边环境恶臭的关键。为研究膜覆盖对畜禽粪便好氧堆肥过程氨气挥发的影响,以猪粪和小麦秸秆为试验原料,采用具有选择渗透性的Gore膜作为覆盖材料,在实验室好氧堆肥反应器系统中进行了为期27 d的好氧堆肥试验。试验设置覆膜组和对照组,采用开启1 h、关闭1 h间歇通风方式,通风速率为3 L/min,重点监测堆肥过程堆体温度、氧浓度和NH3排放速率等。研究表明:覆膜组比对照组高温期持续时间略长,更有利于杀死堆体有害病原菌;相比于对照组,覆膜组NH3排放量减少18.87%;相比于温度峰值出现的时间,两组试验NH3峰值出现时间均延后,且覆膜组延后时间更长。
Ammonia emission during livestock manure aerobic composting not only pollute the environment, but also reduce the nitrogen content of organic manure. Therefore, controlling ammonia volatilization during aerobic composting is the key to reducing nitrogen loss and reducing odors in the surrounding environment of compost. In order to study the effect of membrane mulching on the ammonia volatilization during aerobic composting of livestock manure, pig manure and wheat straw were used as raw materials, and Gore membrane with selective permeability was used as the covering material. In laboratory aerobic composting reactor system A 27-day aerobic composting trial was conducted. In the experiment, the film-coated group and the control group were set up, and the intermittent ventilation with 1 h on and 1 h off was used with a ventilation rate of 3 L / min. The temperature, oxygen concentration and NH3 emission rate of the composting process were monitored. The results showed that the duration of incubation period was slightly longer than that of the control group, which was more conducive to killing harmful pathogens in the reactor. Compared with the control group, the NH3 emission of the coating group decreased by 18.87%. Compared with the peak time , NH3 peak appeared delayed in both groups, and the lamination group lasted longer.