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值澳门回归10周年之际,本文对港澳作为中国特别行政区成功回归的历史意义,香港持续维持其自由港和国际商务中心地位,澳门发挥国际旅游中心和连接欧盟、海外葡语世界跳板的职能,对主权国乃至东亚区域的社会经济发展所发挥的不可替代的作用,给予了充分的肯定。笔者同时分析了日本实施特区政策的背景、成败与原因,阐述了中国实施的“一国两制”港澳特区政策以及象征改革开放的经济特区政策对日本的借鉴意义。中国改革开放初期借鉴日本宏观调控的成功经验,时隔20年之后日本旨在放松行政管制、激活地方经济的特区政策的实践无疑带有仿效中国的痕迹,结果却南辕北辙。日中发展和改革的经验值得互以为鉴。
On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Macao’s return to the motherland, Hong Kong and Macao, as the historic significance of the successful return of China’s SAR, have continued to maintain their status as a free port and an international business center. Macao plays an international tourism center and a gateway to the EU and overseas Portuguese-speaking countries. The irreplaceable role that the sovereign power and even the East Asian region have played in social and economic development has been fully affirmed. At the same time, the author analyzes the background, success or failure of Japan’s implementation of the SAR policy and expounds the reference to Japan of the “one country, two systems” policy of Hong Kong and Macao SARs and the special economic zones that symbolize the reform and opening up. In the early stage of China’s reform and opening-up, drawing on the successful experience of Japan’s macro-control, the practice of the SAR policy of Japan aimed at relaxing administrative control and activating the local economy after 20 years undoubtedly followed the example of China and turned out the opposite. The experience of Japan-China development and reform merits mutual learning.