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目的了解吉林市结核病患者和疑似结核病患者中结核分枝杆菌培养及耐药检测情况。方法收集结核病患者和疑似结核病患者1521份痰标本,进行抗酸杆菌荧光涂片检查、酸性罗氏培养基进行培养、使用BACTEC MGIT960全自动分枝杆菌快速培养仪培养,中性罗氏培养基比例法药物敏感性试验。分别对培养时间、培养阳性率、培养污染率及6种抗结核药物(SM、INH、RFP、EMB、CM和OFX)的耐药情况作统计分析。结果 BACTEC MGIT960全自动分枝杆菌快速培养仪和酸性罗氏培养基阳性率分别为38.6%(587/1521)和34.0%(517/1521);结核诊断率36.4%(554/1521);抗结核一线药耐药率为43.0%(238/554),耐多药率(至少同时耐INH和RFP)为17.7%(98/554)。结论吉林市结核病患者对一线抗结核药物耐药情况及耐多药肺结核流行情况比较严重。
Objective To understand the culture and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with tuberculosis and suspected tuberculosis in Jilin City. Methods A total of 1521 sputum specimens from patients with TB and suspected TB were collected and examined for acid-fast bacilli by fluorescent smear and culture with acidic Roche medium. The medium was cultured with BACTEC MGIT960 Rapid Mycobacterium, Sensitivity test. Respectively, culture time, culture positive rate, culture contamination rate and drug resistance of six anti-TB drugs (SM, INH, RFP, EMB, CM and OFX) were analyzed statistically. Results The positive rates of BACTEC MGIT960 rapid culture device and acidity Roche medium were 38.6% (587/1521) and 34.0% (517/1521) respectively. The diagnostic rate of tuberculosis was 36.4% (554/1521) The rate of drug resistance was 43.0% (238/554), and the rate of multidrug resistance (at least resistant to both INH and RFP) was 17.7% (98/554). Conclusion TB patients in Jilin City are more resistant to first-line anti-TB drugs and more resistant to MDR-TB.