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目的探讨常熟市无偿献血者梅毒感染的情况。方法采用ELISA方法对2010年1月1日-2014年12月31日常熟市无偿献血者进行梅毒抗体检测,分析无偿献血者梅毒感染状况,分析不同年份、性别、年龄、职业和文化程度的无偿献血者的梅毒感染情况。结果 2010—2014年共检测无偿献血者111 241人,样本111 241份,其中梅毒阳性569人,阳性率0.51%,阳性率逐年降低且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在梅毒感染者中,女性的阳性率为0.47%,小于男性的阳性率0.55%,但两者者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);感染者分布于各年龄阶段,其中18~29岁占38.00%,30~40岁占34.00%,41~50岁占17.00%,50岁以上占11.00%;18~40岁青壮年占感染人群的72.00%,不同年龄段之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同职业献血者的梅毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);文化程度与梅毒阳性率呈典型的背离关系,即文化程度越低,梅毒阳性率越高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论必须加强对无偿献血者,尤其是年轻献血者的健康教育和献血前咨询,保障输血安全。
Objective To investigate the syphilis infection of blood donors in Changshu City. Methods The ELISA method was used to detect the syphilis antibody in unpaid blood donors from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014 in Changshu City. The status of syphilis infection in unpaid blood donors was analyzed. The distribution of syphilis among unpaid blood donors in different years, sexes, ages, occupations and educational level Syphilis infection in blood donors. Results A total of 111 241 blood donors were collected from 111 241 volunteers in 2010-2014, of which 569 were positive for syphilis, the positive rate was 0.51%. The positive rate was decreased year by year and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) , The positive rate of females was 0.47%, which was less than that of males (0.55%), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) , 34.00% in 30-40 years old, 17.00% in 41-50 years old and 11.00% in 50 years old. The young adult aged from 18 to 40 accounted for 72.00% of the infected population, with significant difference between different ages (P <0.01). The positive rates of syphilis in different occupational blood donors were significantly different (P <0.01). The educational level and the positive rate of syphilis showed a typical deviation from each other, that is, the lower the educational level, the higher the positive rate of syphilis Statistical significance (P <0.01). Conclusion Health education and pre-donation counseling on unpaid blood donors, especially young blood donors, must be strengthened to ensure blood transfusion safety.