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以河南省潮土区延津等10个砂质中低产田主要分布县为例,利用主成分分析、模糊数学方法并借助GIS软件得出该区土壤肥力综合评价图。结果表明,综合评价指数为0.10～0.68,整体水平偏低,土壤呈现偏碱性状态,速效磷和全钾含量较高,全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效钾、有机质及CEC含量偏低。对不同土体构型间土壤肥力指标进行显著性分析,结果表明除了速效磷和pH外,其他指标在不同土体构型间均表现出显著的差异性(P<0.05)。通过雷达图表达出不同土体构型和总体上土壤肥力水平差异,即上壤下粘型>通体壤>总体>上壤下砂、通体砂型。分析出在代表性剖面0～20 cm和20～40 cm两个土层中土壤容重平均值在1.36～1.51 g cm-3之间,表明土壤偏紧实是该区土壤肥力的一个制约因素。
Taking 10 counties with low and medium yielding sandy land in Yanjin, such as Henan Province, for example, principal component analysis, fuzzy mathematics and GIS software were used to draw a comprehensive evaluation map of soil fertility. The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation index was 0.10-0.68, the overall level was low, the soil was alkaline, the contents of available phosphorus and total potassium were higher, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available potassium, organic matter and CEC were lower . The soil fertility indexes of different soil configurations were analyzed statistically. The results showed that except for available phosphorus and pH, the other indexes showed significant differences (P <0.05) among different soil configurations. Differences of soil fertility and total soil fertility were indicated by radar chart, that is, under-soil sticking> overlying soil> over> under-soil sand and over-body sand. The results showed that the average soil bulk density was between 1.36 and 1.51 g cm-3 in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers of representative sections, indicating that soil partial compaction is a limiting factor in soil fertility.