哮喘急性发作是常见的儿科急诊病。临床症状与体征的评估,尤其是安静状态下呼吸困难伴缺氧兴奋症状对危重哮喘症的早期诊断至关重要,哮鸣音的减轻或消失并不一定代表病情好转,血气分析和经皮氧饱和度监测是评估疾病严重度非常重要的客观指标。急救处理包括吸氧、支气管扩张剂(β2受体激动剂、抗胆碱药物、氨茶碱、硫酸镁)的使用、肾上腺皮质激素类药物等,重者需气管插管与机械通气,其中雾化吸入β2激动剂和早期足量使用全身糖皮质激素是治疗成功的关键。 Acute exacerbation of asthma is a common pediatric emergency. Evaluation of clinical symptoms and signs, especially in the quiet state of dyspnea with hypoxia excited symptoms of critically ill early diagnosis of asthma is crucial, the reduction or disappearance of wheeze does not necessarily mean that the condition improved, blood gas analysis and percutaneous oxygen Saturation monitoring is a very important objective measure of disease severity. First aid treatment includes the use of oxygen, bronchodilators (β2 receptor agonists, anticholinergic drugs, aminophylline, magnesium sulfate), adrenal cortical drugs, etc., severe tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, which aerosol inhalation β2 agonists and early full use of systemic glucocorticoids are key to successful treatment.