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目的研究丙型肝炎肝组织中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ与ＨＣＶＮＳ５抗原分布及其与肝组织损伤的关系．方法应用原位杂交和免疫组化方法检测３４例丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染者肝组织中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和ＨＣＶＮＳ５抗原表达状况，采用Ｋｎｏｄｅｌ方法评价肝组织病理损伤程度．结果分别有２１例（６１８％）和２４例（７０６％）患者肝组织中检出ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和ＨＣＶＮＳ５抗原．ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性信号主要位于肝细胞浆中，在胆管上皮细胞和炎性浸润细胞中也可检出，其分布与肝组织炎症坏死无固定解剖学关系．ＨＣＶＲＮＡ与肝组织中ＨＣＶＮＳ５抗原表达正相关，但二者在肝组织中的分布存在一定差异．多因素分析显示ＨＣＶＮＳ５抗原的表达与肝组织损伤相关．结论丙型肝炎肝组织中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和ＨＣＶＮＳ５抗原表达相关，病毒在肝组织中的活跃程度与肝损伤有关
Objective To investigate the distribution of HCV RNA and HCV NS5 antigen in liver of hepatitis C patients and its relationship with liver injury. Methods The expression of HCV RNA and HCV NS5 in liver tissues of 34 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The degree of pathological damage was evaluated by Knodel method. Results HCV RNA and HCV NS5 antigens were detected in liver tissues of 21 patients (61.8%) and 24 patients (70.6%) respectively. The positive signal of HCVRNA mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, which was also detected in bile duct epithelial cells and inflammatory infiltrating cells. The distribution of HCVRNA positive signals was not related to the fixed anatomy of liver tissue. HCVRNA is positively correlated with the expression of HCV NS5 antigen in liver tissue, but the distribution of HCV RNA in liver tissue is different. Multivariate analysis showed that the expression of HCV NS5 antigen was associated with liver injury. Conclusion The expression of HCV RNA and HCV NS5 antigen in the liver of hepatitis C is related to the degree of virus activity in the liver and liver damage