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虞舜的三次被害故事贯穿着两条基线,一是借助一连串迫害,在对人物的考验中彰显其英雄本色;二是通过人物对父母兄弟终始如一的情感和日常性描写,突出其孝子行为。考验是上古英雄型弃子得以成为英雄的必备环节,孝行则融入了更多家庭伦理的因子,从而展示出相关传说由不乏神话色彩之英雄向极具平民特点之孝子转化的过程。至于舜之孝而被害的遭遇,也与广义的弃子故事具有深刻的类同性,由此形成一个迫害(弃逐)—救助—回归的逻辑链条,赋予舜以准弃子的身份特征。与之相关,此一故事的结构特点、角色定位、考验性质,以及舜之孝行所兼具的顺事父母、善于权变、合理逃避、敢于哀怨等内涵,则以其特殊性和典范性,在弃逐文化中发挥着开先河的功用。
The three stories of Yu Shun’s persecution run through two basic lines. First, through a series of persecutions, he reveals his true nature in the test of characters. Second, he highlights the filial behavior of his filial piety through the sentimental and routine depictions of his parents and brothers . The test is that ancient heroic abandonment has become an essential part of heroes. Filial piety has incorporated more factors of family ethics, thus demonstrating the process of transforming the legendary mythological heroes into dutiful civilians. As for the victims of Shun’s filial piety, they also have profound similarities with the broad stories of abandoned children, thus forming a logic chain of persecution (desertion), rescue and return, and giving Shun a status quasi-forfeit. Related to this, the structural features of this story, the role of the character, the nature of the test, as well as Shun filial piety of both parents, good at contingency, a reasonable escape, dare to grieve and so on, with its particularity and exemplary, in the Abandoned by culture play a pioneering role.