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为研究大规模好氧高温堆肥过程对猪粪来源抗生素抗性基因的影响,采用荧光定量PCR法检测了4个大环内酯类抗性基因(erythromycin resistance methylase,erm A、erm B、erm C和erm F)、3个β-内酰胺抗性基因(beta-lactamase,bla TEM、bla CTX和bla SHV)和2个喹诺酮类抗性基因(quinolone resistance,qnr A和qnr S)在堆肥过程中的变化趋势.结果表明,堆肥初期大环内酯类抗性基因含量显著高于β-内酰胺类和喹诺酮类抗性基因(P<0.01),其中erm B基因丰度最高为9.88×10~8copies·g~(-1),其次是erm F为9.40×10~8copies·g~(-1).在高温堆肥结束时β-内酰胺抗性基因和喹诺酮类抗性基因丰度维持在较低水平,而大环内酯类抗性基因在堆肥结束后仍然具有较高含量.其中,erm F基因与堆肥初期相比甚至出现了增加的情况,这表明高温堆肥过程不能有效去除所有抗生素抗性基因.对于某些抗生素抗性基因,堆肥可能还是良好的生物反应器而导致抗性基因的增殖,农田中堆肥产品的施用有可能会造成抗生素抗性基因的传递.
In order to study the effect of large-scale aerobic composting on the antibiotic resistance genes of pig manure sources, four macrolide resistance genes (erythromycin resistance methylase, erm A, erm B, erm C And erm F), three beta-lactamase genes (bla TEM, bla CTX and bla SHV) and two quinolone resistance genes (qnr A and qnr S) during composting The results showed that the content of macrolide resistance genes in early composting stage was significantly higher than that of β-lactams and quinolone resistance genes (P <0.01), and the highest abundance of erm B gene was 9.88 × 10 ~ 8copies · g ~ (-1), followed by erm F of 9.40 × 10 ~ 8copies · g ~ (-1) .At the end of high temperature composting, the abundances of β-lactamase and quinolone resistance genes were maintained at a relatively low level While the macrolide resistance gene still had a higher content after composting, in which erm F gene increased even compared with the early stage of composting, indicating that high temperature composting process can not effectively remove all antibiotic resistance For some antibiotic resistance genes, composting may still be a good organism Should rather lead to proliferation-resistant gene, compost product farmland may cause transfer of antibiotic resistance genes.