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江苏省历史上是脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰 )的高发省份之一。消灭脊灰工作经历了 :(1)使用口服脊灰疫苗 (OPV)前(195 6～ 196 0年 ) ,(2 )开始使用OPV(196 1～ 196 9年 ) ,(3)广泛使用OPV(1970～ 1978年 ) ,(4 )实施计划免疫 (1979～ 1989年 ) ,(5 )消灭脊灰 (1990～ 1999年 )五个时期。回顾消灭脊灰工作的进程和所采取的策略 ,应该强调两点 :(1)不断提高OPV免疫覆盖率。江苏省在开展计划免疫后 ,加强冷链和规范化接种门诊建设 ,提高和保证服苗质量 ;开展消灭脊灰工作后 ,在做好常规免疫的基础上开展强化免疫活动 ,形成了有效的免疫屏障。 (2 )加强病例报告和监测。江苏省于 1991年建立了急性弛缓性麻痹 (AFP)病例监测系统 ,实行报病奖励制度 ,定期进行主动搜索 ,不断加强AFP病例报告和监测 ,如今各项监测指标已达到无脊灰证实的要求。自 1993年以来未发现脊灰野病毒病例。总结评价所采取的策略 ,对巩固消灭脊灰工作的成果 ,为其它疾病的控制提供借鉴
Jiangsu Province is historically one of the high-polluting provinces of poliomyelitis (polio). Polio eradicated: (1) OPV (195-6 ~ 1960), (2) OPV (196-1-1969), (3) widespread use of OPV 1970-1978), (4) Planned immunization (1979-1989), and (5) Polio eradication (1990-1999). Reviewing the polio eradication efforts and the strategies adopted should emphasize two points: (1) to continuously increase the immunization coverage of OPV. After carrying out planned immunization, Jiangsu Province will step up cold chain construction and standardize the construction of vaccination clinics so as to improve and ensure the quality of service-taking clothes. After carrying out the work of eliminating polio, it will carry out intensive immunization activities on the basis of routine immunization and form an effective immune barrier . (2) Strengthen case reports and monitoring. Jiangsu Province established the acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case monitoring system in 1991, implemented the reporting and rewarding system, carried out regular active search, and continuously enhanced the reporting and monitoring of AFP cases. Nowadays, the monitoring indicators have reached the requirement of polio-free confirmation . No cases of poliovirus have been found since 1993. Summarize and evaluate the strategies adopted, and provide reference for the consolidation of the achievements of polio eradication work and the control of other diseases